Enzyme Inhibition by Molluscicidal Components ofMyristica fragransHoutt. in the Nervous Tissue of SnailLymnaea acuminata

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the effects of molluscicidal components of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Myristicaceae) on certain enzymes in the nervous tissue of freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata Lamarck (Lymnaeidae). In vivo and in vitro treatments of trimyristin and myristicin (active molluscicidal components of Myristica fragrans Houtt.) significantly inhibited the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP/ALP) activities in the nervous tissue of Lymnaea acuminata. The inhibition kinetics of these enzymes indicates that both the trimyristin and myristicin caused competitive noncompetitive inhibition of AChE. Trimyristin caused uncompetitive and competitive/noncompetitive inhibitions of ACP and ALP, respectively whereas the myristicin caused competitive and uncompetitive inhibition of ACP and ALP, respectively. Thus results from the present study suggest that inhibition of AChE, ACP, and ALP by trimyristin and myristicin in the snail Lymnaea acuminata may be the cause of the molluscicidal activity of Myristica fragrans.

Next Chapter in the Legend of Silphion: Preliminary Morphological, Chemical, Biological and Pharmacological Evaluations, Initial Conservation Studies, and Reassessment of the Regional Extinction Event

“…Myristicin (27) Cancer chemopreventive agent [51], anti-inflammatory [52], antimicrobial against B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus [110], hepatoprotective [111], cytoprotective against hypoxia-induced apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress [112], down-regulates expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [113], cytotoxic against SK-N-SH (human neuroblastoma) cancer cell line [114], acetylcholinesterase inhibitor [115], antiproliferative [116], insecticidal against Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti [117].…”

Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, and Antiprotozoal Potentials of Artemisia copa Phil. (Asteraceae)

“…Besides, inhibitory activity of AChE of myristicin have been investigated in vitro and in vivo experiments. The enzymatic results indicate that myristicin caused competitive and noncompetitive inhibition (Jaiswal et al, 2010). Finally, the liminoid calodrendolide showed neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in rat cortical cells (Jeong et al, 2008).…”

Involvement of cholinergic-muscarinic receptor in <i>Anaphe venata</i>-induced stretching-ataxia behavioral effects in rats

“…The haemolymph was sieved with a muslin cloth to remove impurities. The filtrate was diluted with phosphate buffer in the ratio 1:100 to give a working enzyme source for Acetylcholinesterase (Jaiswal et al, 2010). The resulting working enzyme source was then dispensed into aliquots in 1.5 ml eppendorf centrifuge tubes and kept in the freezer(-20 ºC) until required for assay.…”

“…The anticholinesterase activity of the PBS Anaphe venata extract was carried out following the standard method of Ellman et al (1961) as modified by Jaiswal et al (2010) using acetythiocholine iodide (ATChI) as substrate. In this assay, acetylthiocholine iodide (ATChI) was hydrolyzed to acetate and thiocholine.…”

“…The thiocholine subsequently reacted with dithiobis-nitrobenzate (DTNB) to produce a yellow color that was monitored colorimetrically at 412 nm. Generally, a kinetic profile of the enzyme activity was measured at the interval of 30 s at 412 nm (Jaiswal et al, 2010). To 1.5 ml of phosphate buffer (100 nM, pH = 8.0) in each assay tube, the appropriate volume (equivalence of varying concentrations) of the extract was added, followed by the addition of appropriate volume of distilled water, in order to obtain a total reaction mixture of 2.0 ml.…”