Enzyme from Banana (<i>Musa</i> sp.) Extraction Procedures for Sensitive Adrenaline Biosensor Construction

Abstract

For building a biosensor, at least two enzyme sources can be employed. The pure enzyme has features with better selectivity and low stability. Crude extract presents better stability and wrong selectivity. Thus, one intermediate condition can be feasible joining both benefits of crude extract and pure enzymes. For that result, several procedures of extraction and semi purification of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme from banana (Musa sp.) were studied. The results showed that cleaned enzymatic extracts presented higher specific activities than crude extracts (2.8 up to 5.3 fold), despite the total protein concentration diminishing from 27% up to 72%, indicating that polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme was preserved in them. The biosensors with 125 AU mL -1 containing cleaned enzymatic extracts performed better by grinding or grinding plus sonication for 30 s. They were linear over the ranges of 5.9 × 10 -6 mol·L -1 to 1.4 × 10 -3 mol·L -1 and 7.9 × 10 -8 mol·L -1 to 4.0 × 10 -3 mol·L -1 , respectively. The limit of Detection (LOD) was 5.9 × 10 -6 mol·L -1 and 7.9 × 10 -8 mol·L -1 , respectively. The LOD obtained is adequate to adrenaline determination on blood and medicinal samples, and were applied in medicinal samples with satisfactory results.

Spectrophotometric and Smartphone-Assisted Determination of Phenolic Compounds Using Crude Eggplant Extract

“…All these advantages translate into a significant interest of creating electrochemical and spectrophotometric biosensor systems based on crude plant extracts. Many works have been published describing the analytical use of such extracts with PPO activity: banana [4,9,13], sapota [3], jurubeba [14], sweet potato [15], cara [16].…”

Assessment of Enzymatic Bioremediation for Catechol in Water by the Role of Immobilized Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase on Biosilica of Diatoms Frustule and other Polymers

“…Protein concentration of the enzymatic extracts was determined by the Bradford method (21) , so that one unit of the enzymatic activity or activity of the enzymes under study was defined as the amount of enzyme that formed 1 µmol of the product per minute at 40 ° C. The specific activity was expressed as one unit (U) per mg protein (1) . Although some researchers argue and adhere to the fact that the enzymes present in the crude extract are more stable and useful in building biosensors (22) , a dissolving and cleaning step of enzymes has been suggested according to the approach followed by (23) with the aim of eliminating potential interactions, such as salts, sugars, and phenol.…”

Study of Different Types of Enzymes for Biological, Agro-Food Processing and Industrial Wastewater Treatment: An Overview

“…Although many of them, had been sequenced, except few of them had been characterized. Presently, a novel tyrosinase produced by actinobacteria had been isolated and attributed with the purpose of identifying novel enzymes having exclusive properties for the biotechnological implementation (da Silva et al, 2013, Dolashki et al, 2012. However, among different sources of tyrosinase, mushroom tyrosinase from Agaricus bisporus was a major and cheap resource of tyrosinase bearing high resemblance and equivalence as compared to the human tyrosinase (Vanitha and Soundhari, 2017).…”