Enzyme-Catalyzed Modifications of Polysaccharides and Poly(ethylene glycol)

Cheng, H. N.; Gu, Qian

doi:10.3390/polym4021311

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The present work contributes to the ever expanding literature on enzyme applications in the chemical industry and for polysaccharides modifications(for reviews, see: Alcalde, Ferrer, Plou, & Ballestreros, 2006;Bornscheuer et al, 2012;Cheng & Gu, 2012;Elboutachfaiti, Delattre, Petit, & Michaud, 2011;Li, Yang, Yang, Zhu, & Wang, 2012;Nestl, Nebel, & Hauer, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An aerogel obtained from chemo-enzymatically oxidized fenugreek galactomannans as a versatile delivery system

Rossi

Campia

Merlini

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Polymers

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a b s t r a c tWe describe a new aerogel obtained from laccase-oxidized galactomannans of the leguminous plant fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and suggest its potential practical use.Laccase/TEMPO oxidation of fenugreek in aqueous solution caused a viscosity increase of over 15-fold. A structured, elastic, stable hydrogel was generated, due to formation of carbonyl groups from primary OH of galactose side units and subsequent establishment of hemiacetalic bonds with available free hydroxyl groups.Upon lyophilization of this hydrogel, a water-insoluble aerogel was obtained (EOLFG), capable of uptaking aqueous or organic solvents over 20 times its own weight. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, FT-IR, elemental analysis and 13 C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy and its mechanical properties were investigated.To test the EOLFG as a delivery system, the anti-microbial enzyme lysozyme was used as model active principle. Lysozyme was added before or after formation of the aerogel, entrapped or absorbed in the gel, retained and released in active form, as proven by its hydrolytic glycosidase activity on lyophilized Micrococcus lysodeikticus cells wall peptidoglycans.This new biomaterial, composed of a chemo-enzymatically modified plant polysaccharide, might represent a versatile, biocompatible "delivery system" of active principles in food and non-food products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An aerogel obtained from chemo-enzymatically oxidized fenugreek galactomannans as a versatile delivery system

Rossi

Campia

Merlini

et al. 2016

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…Solvents with lower hydrogen-bonding ability will thus be more likely to lead to higher enzyme activity, but those with a better hydrogen-bonding ability would better dissolve the polysaccharide substrates. Thus, in choosing a solvent, a balance must be struck between dissolving the substrate and maintaining the activity of the enzyme [4, 65]. …”

Section: Saccharide Oxygen As Nucleophilementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Modification of Polysaccharides

Cumpstey¹

2013

ISRN Organic Chemistry

209

117

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This review covers methods for modifying the structures of polysaccharides. The introduction of hydrophobic, acidic, basic, or other functionality into polysaccharide structures can alter the properties of materials based on these substances. The development of chemical methods to achieve this aim is an ongoing area of research that is expected to become more important as the emphasis on using renewable starting materials and sustainable processes increases in the future. The methods covered in this review include ester and ether formation using saccharide oxygen nucleophiles, including enzymatic reactions and aspects of regioselectivity; the introduction of heteroatomic nucleophiles into polysaccharide chains; the oxidation of polysaccharides, including oxidative glycol cleavage, chemical oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids, and enzymatic oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes; reactions of uronic-acid-based polysaccharides; nucleophilic reactions of the amines of chitosan; and the formation of unsaturated polysaccharide derivatives.

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“…Indeed, in addition to being a major nutritional source, polysaccharides are extensively used due to their functional properties, such as thickeners, gelling agents, stabilizers, interfacial agents, flocculants, and encapsulants. Typical applications include food modifiers, adhesives, coatings, construction, paper, pharmaceuticals, and personal care . For many of these applications, polysaccharides need structural modifications in order to improve or customize their properties.…”

Section: Tailoring the Structure And Properties Of Polysaccharide‐basmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For many of these applications, polysaccharides need structural modifications in order to improve or customize their properties. These structural modifications can be achieved by chemical reactions and by enzymatic treatments (e.g., ). The major advantages of enzymes in polymer modification compared with chemical methods involve the high specificity and regioselectivity of the reactions onto the polysaccharide substrates, and the milder and environmentally benign reaction conditions with minimal side reactions and degradation .…”

Section: Tailoring the Structure And Properties Of Polysaccharide‐basmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic‐assisted extraction and modification of lignocellulosic plant polysaccharides for packaging applications

Martínez‐Abad

Ruthes

Vilaplana

2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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On the use of tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite as a chain extender in melt-blended poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/ clay nanocomposites: Morphology, thermal stability, and mechanical properties J. González-Ausejo, E. Sánchez-Safont, J. Gámez-Pérez and L. Cabedo, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, DOI: 10.1002 Characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoate blends incorporating unpurified biosustainably produced poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) A. Martínez-Abad, L. Cabedo, C. S. S. Oliveira, L. Hilliou, M. Reis and J. M. Lagarón, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, DOI: 10.1002 Modification of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) properties by reactive blending with a monoterpene derivative L. Pilon and C. Kelly, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, DOI: 10.1002 Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) films for food packaging: Physical-chemical ABSTRACT: Plant polysaccharides comprise the main renewable resource available in the biosphere for biomaterial production. However, the recalcitrant and heterogeneous structure of lignocellulosic biomass hinders the effective fractionation and exploitation of the polysaccharide components for the design of carbohydrate-based materials. Carbohydrate-active enzymes constitute a selective and versatile biotechnological tool that can assist during the biomass pretreatment steps to extract and fractionate the polysaccharide macromolecular components. Moreover, this enzymatic toolbox can be as well exploited for the tailored modification of the molecular structure of relatively pure polysaccharide components to achieve customized macroscopic properties. This review critically discusses the potential and challenges of the use of plant lignocellulosic polysaccharides and enzymatic modifications to design and prepare suitable materials for packaging applications in terms of their structure-property relations. Structural factors such as the molar mass and crystallinity of the polysaccharide fractions and functional factors such as water sensitivity and processability of the derived films are critical for the material performance. The global net primary production of carbon in the biosphere is estimated around 10 11 tonnes per year, 1 from which polysaccharides account for approximately 75% of all biomass. In this context, plant biomass represents the main renewable resource for biofuel and materials production, as a future replacement of fossil-based energy and goods. New schemes for the sustainable exploitation of biomass have emerged in the last decades (the "biorefinery" concept), which integrate chemical, mechanical, thermal, and biotechnological conversion processes for the generation of energy, platform chemicals, and bio-based polymeric materials. Different generations of biorefineries have been implemented, depending on the biomass source (e.g., agriculturederived crops and food waste, lignocellulosic biomass, marine feedstock, designer crops) and on the diversity of products that are converted (e.g., bioethanol after fermentation, syngas after thermochemical conversion, fin...

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Enzyme-Catalyzed Modifications of Polysaccharides and Poly(ethylene glycol)

Cited by 46 publications

References 79 publications

An aerogel obtained from chemo-enzymatically oxidized fenugreek galactomannans as a versatile delivery system

An aerogel obtained from chemo-enzymatically oxidized fenugreek galactomannans as a versatile delivery system

Chemical Modification of Polysaccharides

Enzymatic‐assisted extraction and modification of lignocellulosic plant polysaccharides for packaging applications

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