Enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin pretreated by bacterial fermentation to obtain pure <i>N</i>-acetyl-<scp>d</scp>-glucosamine

Zhang, Alei; Wei, Guoguang; Mo, Xiaofang; Zhou, Ning; Chen, Kequan; Ouyang, Pingkai

doi:10.1039/c8gc00265g

Cited by 70 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Production methods that convert waste chitin to GlcNAc have been widely explored to date [ 4 – 6 ]. Generally, GlcNAc has been commercially produced by the acid hydrolysis of chitin at high temperature and at high concentrations [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of a novel chitinase CmChi1 from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 and its use in N-acetyl-d-glucosamine production

Zhang

Wei

et al. 2018

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundN-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) possesses many bioactivities that have been used widely in many fields. The enzymatic production of GlcNAc is eco-friendly, with high yields and a mild production process compared with the traditional chemical process. Therefore, it is crucial to discover a better chitinase for GlcNAc production from chitin.ResultsA novel chitinase gene (Cmchi1) cloned from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells. The recombinant enzyme (CmChi1) contains a glycosyl hydrolase family 18 catalytic module that shows low identity (12–27%) with the corresponding domain of the well-characterized chitinases. CmChi1 was purified with a recovery yield of 89% by colloidal chitin affinity chromatography, whereupon it had a specific activity of up to 15.3 U/mg. CmChi1 had an approximate molecular mass of 70 kDa after the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and its optimum activity for colloidal chitin (CC) hydrolysis occurred at pH 5.2 and 50 °C. Furthermore, CmChi1 exhibited kcat/Km values of 7.8 ± 0.11 mL/s/mg and 239.1 ± 2.6 mL/s/μmol toward CC and 4-nitrophenol N,N′-diacetyl-β-d-chitobioside [p-NP-(GlcNAc)2], respectively. Analysis of the hydrolysis products revealed that CmChi1 exhibits exo-acting, endo-acting and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase activities toward N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides (N-acetyl CHOS) and CC substrates, behavior that makes it different from typical reported chitinases. As a result, GlcNAc could be produced by hydrolyzing CC using recombinant CmChi1 alone with a yield of nearly 100% and separated simply from the hydrolysate with a high purity of 98%.ConclusionThe hydrolytic properties and good environmental adaptions indicate that CmChi1 has excellent potential in commercial GlcNAc production. This is the first report on exo-acting, endo-acting and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase activities from Chitinolyticbacter species.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-018-1169-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of a novel chitinase CmChi1 from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 and its use in N-acetyl-d-glucosamine production

Zhang

Wei

et al. 2018

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…Zhang et al fermented chitin powder with Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 prior to hydrolysis and observed a transformation of the crystalline substrate towards a fleecy, fiber-like structure with diameters ranging from 10-200 nm [144]. Moreover, the reduction of the M w and crystallinity was supported by X-ray diffraction and size exclusion chromatography analysis.…”

Section: Biotechnological Chitin Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Modification of Native Chitin and Conversion to Specialty Chemical Products

Arnold

Brück²,

Garbe

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

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Chitin is one of the most abundant biomolecules on earth, occurring in crustacean shells and cell walls of fungi. While the polysaccharide is threatening to pollute coastal ecosystems in the form of accumulating shell-waste, it has the potential to be converted into highly profitable derivatives with applications in medicine, biotechnology, and wastewater treatment, among others. Traditionally this is still mostly done by the employment of aggressive chemicals, yielding low quality while producing toxic by-products. In the last decades, the enzymatic conversion of chitin has been on the rise, albeit still not on the same level of cost-effectiveness compared to the traditional methods due to its multi-step character. Another severe drawback of the biotechnological approach is the highly ordered structure of chitin, which renders it nigh impossible for most glycosidic hydrolases to act upon. So far, only the Auxiliary Activity 10 family (AA10), including lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), is known to hydrolyse native recalcitrant chitin, which spares the expensive first step of chemical or mechanical pre-treatment to enlarge the substrate surface. The main advantages of enzymatic conversion of chitin over conventional chemical methods are the biocompability and, more strikingly, the higher product specificity, product quality, and yield of the process. Products with a higher Mw due to no unspecific depolymerisation besides an exactly defined degree and pattern of acetylation can be yielded. This provides a new toolset of thousands of new chitin and chitosan derivatives, as the physio-chemical properties can be modified according to the desired application. This review aims to provide an overview of the biotechnological tools currently at hand, as well as challenges and crucial steps to achieve the long-term goal of enzymatic conversion of native chitin into specialty chemical products.

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“…Biological treatments, such as enzyme reaction and microbial fermentation, offer an alternative way to extract chitin and chitosan [15,16]. For instance, lactic-acid-producing bacteria and proteases from bacteria have been used for the demineralization and deproteinization steps, respectively.…”

Section: Chemical and Biological Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Chitin Biomass: A Review

Zhou

Shen

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Chitin biomass, a rich renewable resource, is the second most abundant natural polysaccharide after cellulose. Conversion of chitin biomass to high value-added chemicals can play a significant role in alleviating the global energy crisis and environmental pollution. In this review, the recent achievements in converting chitin biomass to high-value chemicals, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), under different conditions using chitin, chitosan, glucosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine as raw materials are summarized. Related research on pretreatment technology of chitin biomass is also discussed. New approaches for transformation of chitin biomass to HMF are also proposed. This review promotes the development of industrial technologies for degradation of chitin biomass and preparation of HMF. It also provides insight into a sustainable future in terms of renewable resources.

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Enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin pretreated by bacterial fermentation to obtain pure N-acetyl-d-glucosamine

Abstract: In this study, we propose a novel biological fermentation method to process chitin powder utilizing the bacteria Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1.

Cited by 70 publications

References 35 publications

Molecular characterization of a novel chitinase CmChi1 from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 and its use in N-acetyl-d-glucosamine production

Molecular characterization of a novel chitinase CmChi1 from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1 and its use in N-acetyl-d-glucosamine production

Enzymatic Modification of Native Chitin and Conversion to Specialty Chemical Products

Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Chitin Biomass: A Review

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