Environmental water in relation to<i>Peronospora destructor</i>and related pathogens

Sutton, J.C.; Hildebrand, P.D.

doi:10.1080/07060668509501699

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…1). High temperature might reduce numbers of CFU by favoring loss in germination ability, as was reported for downy mildew pathogens (Rotem et al 1985;Sutton and Hildebrand 1985). The importance of different phases of daily temperature patterns, and possible interactions of temperature effects with those of harmful levels of water potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…21, 1999 contributed to observed decreases in CFU included reduced ability of conidia to germinate or remain viable, death of germinated spores, germination followed by endophytic establishment of the fungus (Yu and Sutton 1997b), and physical removal of propagules. ~dverse microclimate, microbial antagonism, and deletenous host exudates were among variables reported to accelerate loss in germination and viability of fungus spores on plant foliage (Sutton and Hildebrand 1985;Rotem et al 1985;Blakeman and Atkinson 1981;Juniper 1991;Andrews 1992). Removal of CFU could have arisen through physical effects of environmental water, wind, and arthropods, predation by microfauna, and loss of host parts such as faJJen petals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Density dynamics ofGliocladium roseumin relation to biological control ofBotrytis cinereain red raspberry

Sutton

1999

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Density patterns of colony-forming units (CFU) of the biocontrol agent Gliocladium roseum were investigated in raspberry cv. Boyne and cv. Redwing after spore suspensions (10 7 conidia/mL) were applied 2 h before dusk in field plots. Estimated density of G. roseum on leaves of both cultivars was 2 x 10 3 to 5 x 10 3 CFU/cm 2 at 1 h after inoculation. During the next 2 days density of the agent progressively decreased, but at 3-10 days after inoculation it fluctuated around 10-10 2 CFU/cm 2 leaf in 'Boyne' and after or 3-12 days, it fluctuated near 10 3 CFU/cm 2 leaf in 'Redwing'. Density of G. roseum on flowers was 1 x 10 4 to 5 x 10 4 CFU!flower at 1 h after inoculation and declined rapidly in 'Boyne' and slowly in 'Redwing'. At 3-10 and 3-12 days, respectively, the density fluctuated around 70 CFU/flower in 'Boyne' and 800-2300 CFU/flower in 'Redwing'. Germination of G. roseum, observed on stamens of 'Boyne', was sparse (<4-10%) in the field. However, germination potential, estimated in stamens of flowers removed and placed in high humidity, exceeded 80% at 1 h after inoculation, declined slowly at night and rapidly by day at 1-48 h after inoculation, and subsequently ranged from below 6 up to 9%. Loss in germination ability was a key factor in reduced CFU and, from correlative and circumstantial evidence, was favoured by high temperature and irradiance. Death of germinated conidia and endophytic establishment of G. roseum, each predicted on several nights, also contributed presumptively to net reductions in CFU. Sporulation and redistribution of G. roseum potentially contributed to net increases in CFU. Gliocladium roseum completely suppressed sporulation of Botrytis cinerea in leaves and stamens that were challenge-inoculated with a high density of the pathogen at 12-96 h after the antagonist was applied, and by 33-83% in leaves and 23-93% in stamens at subsequent times. Observed density patterns have implications for strategic timing of G. roseum treatments against B. cinerea in raspberry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Density dynamics ofGliocladium roseumin relation to biological control ofBotrytis cinereain red raspberry

Sutton

1999

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Sutton & Hildebrand (1985) observed that sporulation takes place in the dark, but previous exposure to light is necessary. Sutton & Hildebrand (1985) observed that sporulation takes place in the dark, but previous exposure to light is necessary.…”

Section: Ana I Y Sis Of the Onion/ Peronospora Destructor Path Osystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

ONIMIL, a forecaster for primary infection of downy mildew of onion ¹

et al. 1996

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Onion downy mildew, caused by Peronospora destructor, can be controlled effectively only when sprays are begun in the infection period following first sporulation. Systems analysis was applied to the onion/P. destructor pathosystem in order to understand better the relationships between the factors influencing the establishment of primary infection. A preliminary model able to forecast primary infection, ONIMIL (ONIon downy MILdew), was developed. This model was able to determine, for each day, the probability of P. destructor establishing an infection on onion and its infectivity level, compared with the maximum. The model uses empirical rules and mathematical functions based on meteorological factors.

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“…Número de pulverizações, área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD) e produtividade comercial (Kg.ha -1 ) do míldio da cebola (Peronospora destructor) resultantes de quatro sistemas de previsão ou controle convencional com pulverizações semanais regulares 2,6%, enquanto que a cada sete dias 8,4%, uma diferença de 223%, porém os valores a cada 5 dias tiveram diferença de apenas 0,4% (Figura 1). Essa diferença no percentual da doença em 2016 deve se as condições climáticas não favoráveis a doença, onde houve um predomínio de estiagem com baixa umidade relativa do ar, já que o míldio necessita entre 6 horas de umidade relativa do ar acima de 95% para ocorrer esporulação e à infecção (19). No entanto, a taxa de infecção aparente não foi significativa quando se comparou os sistemas convencionais com os sistemas de previsão, mesmo apresentando essa diferença entre os ciclos de avaliação, mas diferindo em todos os anos da testemunha (Tabela 2).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Validação de um sistema de previsão para o míldio da cebola

Marcuzzo

2017

Summa phytopathol.

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RESUMO Com o objetivo de validar um sistema de previsão, com diferentes níveis de valores diários de severidade comparados à pulverização convencional no controle do míldio da cebola, foram conduzidos experimentos em Rio do Sul/SC durante os ciclos de cultivo de 2014, 2015 e 2016. Os programas de pulverização foram estabelecidos de acordo com valores diários de severidade (VDS) do sistema de Wallin (1962) atribuindo-se valores acumulados de 6, 8, 10 e 12 VDS e no sistema convencional com pulverizações a cada 5 e 7 dias em comparação com a testemunha não tratada com fungicidas. Com exceção da testemunha, não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos quanto à produtividade em todos os ciclos. A AACPD, severidade final e a taxa de progresso da doença não diferiram entre os tratamentos, mas no sistema de previsão com VDS 12 o número de pulverizações foi de 42; 30 e 40% menor em relação ao sistema de aplicação semanal nos três anos de avaliação.

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Environmental water in relation toPeronospora destructorand related pathogens

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Density dynamics ofGliocladium roseumin relation to biological control ofBotrytis cinereain red raspberry

Density dynamics ofGliocladium roseumin relation to biological control ofBotrytis cinereain red raspberry

ONIMIL, a forecaster for primary infection of downy mildew of onion ¹

Validação de um sistema de previsão para o míldio da cebola

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Environmental water in relation toPeronospora destructorand related pathogens

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Density dynamics ofGliocladium roseumin relation to biological control ofBotrytis cinereain red raspberry

Density dynamics ofGliocladium roseumin relation to biological control ofBotrytis cinereain red raspberry

ONIMIL, a forecaster for primary infection of downy mildew of onion 1

Validação de um sistema de previsão para o míldio da cebola

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ONIMIL, a forecaster for primary infection of downy mildew of onion ¹