Environmental tobacco smoke and the risk of pancreatic cancer among non-smokers: a meta-analysis

Zhou, Jiachen; Wellenius, Gregory A.; Michaud, Dominique S.

doi:10.1136/oemed-2012-100844

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…11 case-control studies, involving 3,230 cases and 2,982 controls, suggested a positive relationship between passive smoking and cervical cancer (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.35–2.21) [ 15 ]. Pancreatic cancer [ 21 ], breast cancer [ 13 ], and bladder cancer were not found to be associated with passive smoking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Effects of Passive Smoking: An Overview of Systematic Reviews Based on Observational Epidemiological Evidence

et al. 2015

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PurposeWe aim to systematically summarize the available epidemiological evidence to identify the impact of environmental tobacco smoke on health.MethodsA systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for meta-analyses was conducted through January 2015. We included systematic reviews that investigated the association between passive smoking and certain diseases. Quantitative outcomes of association between passive smoking and the risk of certain diseases were summarized.ResultsSixteen meta-analyses covering 130 cohort studies, 159 case-control studies, and 161 cross-sectional studies and involving 25 diseases or health problems were reviewed. Passive smoking appears not to be significantly associated with eight diseases or health problems, but significantly elevates the risk for eleven specific diseases or health problems, including invasive meningococcal disease in children (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.63–2.92), cervical cancer (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.35–2.21), Neisseria meningitidis carriage (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.19–2.36), Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.33–2.07), lower respiratory infections in infancy (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.33–1.51), food allergy (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.12–1.83), and so on.ConclusionsOur overview of systematic reviews of observational epidemiological evidence suggests that passive smoking is significantly associated with an increasing risk of many diseases or health problems, especially diseases in children and cancers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Effects of Passive Smoking: An Overview of Systematic Reviews Based on Observational Epidemiological Evidence

et al. 2015

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“…As one of the established environmental risk factors for PDAC, tobacco smoking can accelerate chronic pancreatitis and trigger pancreatic carcinogenesis 4–7 . Smokers generally display a PDAC risk two- to threefold higher than nonsmokers and the risk increases with the extent and the time of exposure 8–10 . However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive miR-25-3p maturation via N6-methyladenosine stimulated by cigarette smoke promotes pancreatic cancer progression

et al. 2019

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N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) modification is an important mechanism in miRNA processing and maturation, but the role of its aberrant regulation in human diseases remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate that oncogenic primary microRNA-25 (miR-25) in pancreatic duct epithelial cells can be excessively maturated by cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) via enhanced m 6 A modification that is mediated by NF-κB associated protein (NKAP). This modification is catalyzed by overexpressed methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) due to hypomethylation of the METTL3 promoter also caused by CSC. Mature miR-25, miR-25-3p, suppresses PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 (PHLPP2), resulting in the activation of oncogenic AKT-p70S6K signaling, which provokes malignant phenotypes of pancreatic cancer cells. High levels of miR-25-3p are detected in smokers and in pancreatic cancers tissues that are correlated with poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. These results collectively indicate that cigarette smoke-induced miR-25-3p excessive maturation via m 6 A modification promotes the development and progression of pancreatic cancer.

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“…In contrast to the established association between active smoking and pancreatic cancer, studies on the association between environmental tobacco smoke and pancreatic cancer have been inconclusive. A meta-analysis of data from eight studies reported no significant association between environmental tobacco smoke and pancreatic cancer risk (summary relative risk (RR) = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.86–1.77) [26].…”

Section: Lifestyle Risk Factors Of Pancreatic Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Factors of Pancreatic Cancer

Tsai

Chang

2019

JCM

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Despite the advancement in medical knowledge that has improved the survival rate of many cancers, the survival rate of pancreatic cancer has remained dismal with a five-year survival rate of only 9%. The poor survival of pancreatic cancer emphasizes the urgent need to identify the causes or the risk factors of pancreatic cancer in order to establish effective preventive strategies. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the environmental (non-genetic, including lifestyle, and clinical factors) risk factors of pancreatic cancer. Based on the current evidence, the established risk factors of pancreatic cancer are cigarette smoking, chronic diabetes, and obesity. Other strong risk factors include low consumption of fruits and vegetables, excess consumption of alcohol, poor oral hygiene, and the lack of allergy history. In the future, more studies are needed to identify additional risk factors of pancreatic cancer, especially the modifiable risk factors that could be included in a public health campaign to educate the public in order to reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer.

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Environmental tobacco smoke and the risk of pancreatic cancer among non-smokers: a meta-analysis

Abstract: This meta-analysis does not provide evidence for an association between exposure to ETS and risk of pancreatic cancer.

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

The Health Effects of Passive Smoking: An Overview of Systematic Reviews Based on Observational Epidemiological Evidence

The Health Effects of Passive Smoking: An Overview of Systematic Reviews Based on Observational Epidemiological Evidence

Excessive miR-25-3p maturation via N6-methyladenosine stimulated by cigarette smoke promotes pancreatic cancer progression

Environmental Risk Factors of Pancreatic Cancer

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