Environmental Street Audits and Black Carbon Measurements in Vietnamese Immigrant Communities

Quach, Thu; Garcia, Erika; Behren, Julie Von; Tran, Jacqueline; Tran, Tina Duyen; Fu, Lisa; Gomez, Scarlett Lin; Luu, Vinh; Ahlfenger, Thanh; Reynolds, Peggy

doi:10.1353/cpr.2015.0036

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…74 In California, an area-level study found that communities with high immigrant Vietnamese populations had higher BC levels compared with the statewide mean BC concentrations. 72 Two counties with a high Vietnamese immigrant proportion, Alameda and Orange, were the two counties with the highest levels in the state, with BC levels 10 times higher than the state average. A similar trend was found for

.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the United States, there was a range of small area-level studies and large regional studies with individual data that found disparities in exposures to monitored black carbon (BC) 72 and ozone (

), 68 as well as model-predicted fine particulate matter (

) 61 , 63 , 65 , 73 and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). 57 , 66 , 67 , 69 HAPs are 187 toxic air chemicals, including benzene, perchloroethylene, and methylene chloride, on a list maintained through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) 2011 National Air Toxics Assessment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Intersection of Immigrant and Environmental Health: A Scoping Review of Observational Population Exposure and Epidemiologic Studies

Fong

Heo

Lim

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Transnational immigration has increased since the 1950s. In countries such as the United States, immigrants now account for of the population. Although differences in health between immigrants and nonimmigrants are well documented, it is unclear how environmental exposures contribute to these disparities. Objectives: We summarized current knowledge comparing immigrants’ and nonimmigrants’ exposure to and health effects of environmental exposures. Methods: We conducted a title and abstract review on articles identified through PubMed and selected those that assessed environmental exposures or health effects separately for immigrants and nonimmigrants. After a full text review, we extracted the main findings from eligible studies and categorized each article as exposure-focused, health-focused, or both. We also noted each study’s exposure of interest, study location, exposure and statistical methods, immigrant and comparison groups, and the intersecting socioeconomic characteristics controlled for. Results: We conducted a title and abstract review on 3,705 articles, a full text review on 84, and extracted findings from 50 studies. There were 43 studies that investigated exposure (e.g., metals, organic compounds, fine particulate matter, hazardous air pollutants) disparities, but only 12 studies that assessed health disparities (e.g., mortality, select morbidities). Multiple studies reported higher exposures in immigrants compared with nonimmigrants. Among immigrants, studies sometimes observed exposure disparities by country of origin and time since immigration. Of the 50 studies, 43 were conducted in North America. Discussion: The environmental health of immigrants remains an understudied area, especially outside of North America. Although most identified studies explored potential exposure disparities, few investigated subsequent differences in health effects. Future research should investigate environmental health disparities of immigrants, especially outside North America. Additional research gaps include the role of immigrants’ country of origin and time since immigration, as well as the combined effects of immigrant status with intersecting socioeconomic characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, income, and education attainment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9855

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.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

), 68 as well as model-predicted fine particulate matter (

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intersection of Immigrant and Environmental Health: A Scoping Review of Observational Population Exposure and Epidemiologic Studies

Fong

Heo

Lim

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Both the critical importance of community-based organizations (CBO) partnerships (Tables 2 and 3) and the challenges of establishing equity in CBO partnerships were frequent themes (Table 4) (e.g., Garzón et al 2013;Loh et al 2002;Parker et al 2010;Quach et al 2015;Quigley et al 2000;Robottom and Colquhoun 1992;Wilson et al 2014Wilson et al , 2017. Cultural differences, social inequities, and the assumption and subsequent resentment that research institutions have "billions and millions of dollars" (Goldberg-Freeman et al 2007) were cited as potential reasons for trust barriers between researchers and CBO staff (Brush et al 2019).…”

Section: (5%) 18 (33%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Goals such as "empowerment" and "community capacity" are subjective and may be perceived differently by community members and researchers (Coombe et al 2020;Payne-Sturges et al 2015;Postma 2008). In some cases included here, a study successfully identified environmental health risks or community priorities but described only hypothetical next steps toward addressing them (e.g., Quach et al 2015). Although research products such as health impact assessments or policy analyses can offer real value, EJ communities may struggle to use these products toward structural change without political power, funding, or lasting institutional partnerships (Bourcier et al 2015;Payne-Sturges et al 2018;Scammell and Howard 2020).…”

Section: Critique Of "Participation As Benefit" In Ej Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory Research for Environmental Justice: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis

Davis

Ramírez‐Andreotta

2021

Environ Health Perspect

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BACKGROUND: Environmental health risks are disproportionately colocated with communities in poverty and communities of color. In some cases, participatory research projects have effectively addressed structural causes of health risk in environmental justice (EJ) communities. However, many such projects fail to catalyze change at a structural level. OBJECTIVES: This review employs Critical Interpretive Synthesis (CIS) to theorize specific elements of participatory research for environmental health that effectively prompt structural change in EJ communities. METHODS: Academic database search was used to identify peer-reviewed literature describing participatory research with EJ communities to address environmental health. Synthetic constructs were developed iteratively related to study characteristics, design elements, and outcomes; and data were extracted for included records. Statistical analyses were performed to assess correlations between study design elements and structural change outcomes. Through critical, comparative, and contextual analyses of the "structural change" case study group and "nonstructural change" group, informed by relevant theoretical literature, a synthesizing argument was generated. RESULTS: From 505 total records identified, eligibility screening produced 232 case study articles, representing 154 case studies, and 55 theoretical articles for synthesis. Twenty-six case studies resulted in a structural change outcome. The synthesizing argument states that participatory research with EJ communities may be more likely to result in structural change when a) community members hold formal leadership roles; b) project design includes decision-makers and policy goals; and c) long term partnerships are sustained through multiple funding mechanisms. The assumption of EJ community benefit through research participation is critically examined. DISCUSSION: Recommended future directions include establishing structural change as a goal of participatory research, employing participatory assessment of community benefit, and increased hiring of faculty of color at research institutions. The power, privilege, and political influence that academic institutions are able to leverage in partnership with EJ communities may be as valuable as the research itself.

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Photovoice and Youth Empowerment in Environmental Justice Research: A Pilot Study Examining Woodsmoke Pollution in a Pacific Northwest Community

Brickle

Evans-Agnew

2017

Journal of Community Health Nursing

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Woodsmoke pollution is an environmental justice issue for youth living in certain Pacific Northwest cities. Participatory methods such as Citizen Science and Photovoice are effective ways to involve youth in environmental justice research. Little is understood about how youth may be empowered to address woodsmoke issues in their communities. We examined youth empowerment in a citizen science study on woodsmoke, using Photovoice methodology. Ten diverse youth collected and analyzed indoor air samples and photos, then presented their findings to the community and policy makers. Entrance and exit surveys revealed an increased sense of empowerment to take action on woodsmoke pollution. Youth also expressed increased optimism and a resolve to become scientists to combat environmental injustices.

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Environmental Street Audits and Black Carbon Measurements in Vietnamese Immigrant Communities

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

The Intersection of Immigrant and Environmental Health: A Scoping Review of Observational Population Exposure and Epidemiologic Studies

The Intersection of Immigrant and Environmental Health: A Scoping Review of Observational Population Exposure and Epidemiologic Studies

Participatory Research for Environmental Justice: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis

Photovoice and Youth Empowerment in Environmental Justice Research: A Pilot Study Examining Woodsmoke Pollution in a Pacific Northwest Community

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