Environmental Security in Transnational Contexts: What Relevance for Regional Human Security Regimes?

Koff, Harlan; Maganda, Carmen

doi:10.1080/14747731.2015.1133043

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Task forces to oversee and control various regional maritime activities in relation to carbon control are lacking, meaning that carbon emissions are not a political issue. These fi ndings are consistent with comparative scholarship on regional environmental security agendas which have documented the disconnect between environmental and human security at the regional level (see Koff, 2016;Koff and Maganda, 2016). At the same time, CO emissions are a shared political issue because they put the stability of state, human, and environmental security at risk amid the high dependence on resources in the SCS.…”

Section: Regional Emission Control Area: Securing the Environment Soc...supporting

confidence: 86%

Understanding the carbon monoxide threat in the South China Sea

Suharman,

Sejati,

Amirullah

2023

Regions and Cohesion

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This research aims to present carbon monoxide (CO) emissions trends from January 2019 to June 2021 in Southeast Asian waters and the South China Sea (SEA-SCS). Using securitization theory, the data obtained from geospatial analysis was the basis for constructing CO as a threat. The results showed high CO density in the region due to economic activities that caused pressure on the marine air environment. Unfortunately, this has not been explicitly discussed in regional maritime cooperation, even though the states and territories bordering these waters are increasingly vulnerable to climate change. This article argues that securitizing CO as a threat represents substantial progress in the environmental- political cooperation in the SCS and surrounding waters. Resumen Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo presentar las tendencias de las emisiones de monóxido de carbono (CO) desde enero de 2019 hasta junio de 2021 en las aguas del sudeste asiático y el mar del Sur de China (SEA-SCS, por sus siglas en inglés). Utilizando la teoría de la securitización, los datos obtenidos del análisis geoespacial fueron la base para construir el CO como una amenaza. Los resultados mostraron una alta densidad de CO en la región debido a las actividades económicas que causaban presión sobre el medio ambiente aéreo marino. Desgraciadamente, esto no se ha debatido explícitamente en la cooperación marítima regional, a pesar de que los Estados y territorios ribereños de estas aguas son cada vez más vulnerables al cambio climático. Este estudio sostiene que la securitización del monóxido de carbono como una amenaza representa un avance sustancial en la cooperación medioambiental-política en el SCS y las aguas circundantes. Résumé Cette recherche vise à présenter les tendances des émissions de monoxyde de carbone (CO) de janvier 2019 à juin 2021 dans les eaux de l'Asie du Sud-Est et de la mer de Chine méridionale (SEA-SCS). En utilisant la théorie de la sécurisation, les données obtenues à partir de l'analyse géospatiale ont servi de base à la construction de la menace représentée par le monoxyde de carbone. Les résultats ont montré une forte densité de monoxyde de carbone dans la région en raison des activités économiques qui ont exercé une pression sur l'environnement marin aérien. Malheureusement, cette question n'a pas été explicitement abordée dans le cadre de la coopération maritime régionale, alors que les États et territoires bordant ces eaux sont de plus en plus vulnérables au changement climatique. Cette étude soutient que la sécurisation du monoxyde de carbone en tant que menace représente un progrès substantiel dans la coopération politico-environnementale dans la mer de Chine méridionale et les eaux environnantes.

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Section: Regional Emission Control Area: Securing the Environment Soc...supporting

confidence: 86%

Understanding the carbon monoxide threat in the South China Sea

Suharman,

Sejati,

Amirullah

2023

Regions and Cohesion

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“…The notion that national borders and states are losing their significance, as groups of actors with shared values and goals connect across the world (Paper I), exemplifies the emergent changes in geopolitical relations (Koff and Maganda 2016;Dalby 2020), which might restrain as well as provide opportunities for building international cooperations and trust in governance of and for sustainability transformations. As the EUDef and EUDue emphasise subnational actors and traders and operators instead of multilateral cooperation between states, the suggested approach might prove beneficial in the emerging geopolitical landscape.…”

Section: Accountabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The UN 2030 Agenda states that "Sustainable development cannot be realized without peace and security; and peace and security will be at risk without sustainable development" (UN 2015, 35 §). Along similar lines, Koff and Maganda (2016) argue that human and environmental security constitutes the foundation of the Sustainable Development Goals. Dalby (2009) suggests that a change has occurred in scientific and policy discourses where environmental and human security has become the focus instead of state and national security, as the conditions that enable modern societies to function become threatened by changes in the environment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In addition, scholars have suggested that it is necessary to look beyond the state and create connections between actors at all levels, from local to global, recognising a borderless, uncertain, pluralistic, and telemetric world (Tuathail 1999;Koopman 2011). Koff and Maganda (2016) and Dalby (2020) tap into this theme when arguing that environmental security does not solely require international governance but also local, regional, and transnational framings. However, increasing nationalism and protectionism might create barriers for attempts to collaborate across jurisdictional borders and geographical scales (Dalby 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Transformations towards Sustainable Food Systems : Pathways, Governance, and Actors in a Swedish and European Union Context

Eliasson

2023

Linköping Studies in Arts and Sciences

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Food systems are central to global sustainability, while being complex systems where places and people are intertwined over large distances and at different scales. Transformations towards sustainable food systems have been called for in both research and policy, and Sweden and the European Union have declared high ambitions to act as global leaders in these transformations. While food production in Sweden and the European Union is often portrayed as largely sustainable in a global context, the region is highly dependent on food imports, with relatively large environmental footprints globally.This thesis aims to explore transformative pathways towards sustainability, with a particular focus on sustainable food systems, in a Swedish and European Union context. The thesis specifically studies the following research questions: (1) What constitutes transformations towards sustainability, and in particular sustainable food systems, from the perspectives of Swedish stakeholders, including food system practitioners, and European Union policy frameworks? (2) What roles, responsibilities, and agency do Swedish stakeholders, including food system practitioners and European Union policy frameworks, attribute to different actors? (3) How can interconnections and accountability in global food systems be understood and governed in light of societal transformations towards sustainability? (4) What are the implications for transformative pathways towards sustainability?The thesis builds on four papers that use focus group methodology (PI and PII), involving Swedish stakeholders, including food-system practitioners, analyses of European Green Deal policies (PII and PIII), and quantitative investigation of phosphorus fertiliser use in Brazilian soybean production and related biodiversity impacts (PIV).Four overarching conclusions are drawn from the findings: (I) Shared goals and consensus are emphasised as essential, while a diversity of transformative pathways and understandings of challenges and priorities needs to be recognised, with attention being paid to how specific choices might include and exclude pathways and actors. (II) Emerging shifts in how food is valued open up opportunities for transformative change in which the 'true' cost of food is acknowledged, alongside a recognition of non-economic values of food, which presupposes alignment at the practical, political, and personal levels. (III) The identified pathways comprise public accountability regimes, incentives for more sustainable consumption, regulations to reduce resource use and impacts of food production. (IV) The attribution of accountability to trading operators in the accountability regime proposed by the European Union highlights an extended focus from food production and consumption towards regulating flows and intermediate actors in food systems.

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“…Butts (2014, p. 272) nicely illustrates the link between national security and the environment through examples such as the Cherobyl nuclear disaster, Haitian immigrants fleeing environmental disaster, overpopulation and competition for resources in Rwanda leading to mass violence and death, and food security issues in Somalia, among others. Koff (2016) has also recently shown how attempts to commit to human and environmental security at national and more international scales has tended to remain driven by interests of member states, which are broadly based on domestic incentives and national security objectives. Similar trends are evident (and critiqued) in the context of environmental insecurities that cause crime and inequality and challenges for border security (Agnew 2012;South 2014;White 2014;Ngoc Cao & Wyatt 2016, p. 415).…”

Section: Security and The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Security and the Anthropocene: Law, Criminology, and International Relations

Holley

Shearing

Harrington

et al. 2018

Annu. Rev. Law. Soc. Sci.

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This article analyzes the implications of the Anthropocene for the governance of security. Drawing on environmental law, green criminology, and international relations, the article examines the development of environmental security scholarship over recent decades and shows similarities and differences in perspectives across the three disciplines. It demonstrates that the Anthropocene represents a significant challenge for thinking about and responding to security and the environment. It argues a rethinking is needed, and this can benefit from reaching across the disciplinary divide in three key areas that have become a shared focus of attention and debate regarding security in the Anthropocene. These are, first, examining the implications of the Anthropocene for our understanding of the environment and security; second, addressing and resolving contests between environmental securities; and third, developing new governance responses that mix polycentric and state-backed regulation to bring safety and security to the planet.

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Environmental Security in Transnational Contexts: What Relevance for Regional Human Security Regimes?

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Understanding the carbon monoxide threat in the South China Sea

Understanding the carbon monoxide threat in the South China Sea

Transformations towards Sustainable Food Systems : Pathways, Governance, and Actors in a Swedish and European Union Context

Environmental Security and the Anthropocene: Law, Criminology, and International Relations

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