Environmental risks and assessment of the hydrodynamic situation in the mines of Donetsk and Lugansk regions of Ukraine

Abstract

Modern environmental risks and threats relate with the negative impact of anthropogenic and natural factors on ecosystems, man-caused negative impact of industrial and potentially hazardous objects, pollution of drinking water sources, agricultural land, atmospheric air, deviation of the geological environment and subsoil on the safety of life in certain areas. Coal enterprises are one of the objects of high ecological danger and critical infrastructure. Today, environmental safety in the east of Ukraine should be considered in close connection with the ecological and man-made threats associated with combat operations in these territories. The authors carried out an analysis of scientific researches of past years and provided an assessment of environmental risks in the territories of coal mining enterprises in the present conditions considering the structural-geological, geofiltration and mining-geological parameters typically for the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine. The article considers the location of mines in Donetsk and Lugansk regions as zones of high ecological danger. The existing ecological threats and risks are determined, recommendations for minimization threats and risks in case of anthropogenic and environmental disasters are provided. The equation of calculating the coefficient of filtration in rocks is made, mineral-technical parameters of coal mines are analyzed. It is shown that one of the most probable factors of the transition of the territory into a zone of an emergency situation of a regional scale is the emergence of real threats to the life of a large number of people in the conditions of mass flooding of mines due to the termination of power supply of drainage and ventilation systems. Also in the article scientifically substantiated the provision of an acceptable level of environmental safety of the constituent parts of the environment (water environment) for the population living within the mining and agglomeration, taking into account the environ- mental factors of the negative factor-forming factors, as well as forecasting the hydrodynamic situation.

Risk assessment of radionuclide contamination spreading while flooding coal mined-out rocks

“…The most comprehensive review of the hydrogeological modelling methods in terms of mine flooding conditions is represented in [5], [6]. The publication [7] covers environmental issues dealing with the assessment of the effects of mine working floodingsubsidence and water environment pollution.…”

Ecological Risks Assessment of Tecno-Ecosystem by the Case of the Mining Fields of Donbas

“…У межах виконання НДР «Розробка методики застосування ортотрансформованих космічних знімків для оцінки стану навколишнього середовища» розроблено методику застосування ортофотопланів за матеріалами космічного знімання [2,5,6]. Дослідженнями підтверджено актуальність, наукову та практичну цінність використання дистанційних методів вивчення екологічного стану великих територій земної поверхні, зокрема із залученням інформації від радарних та оптичних супутників ДЗЗ.…”