Environmental occurrence and degradation of the herbicide n-chloridazon

Buttiglieri, Gianluigi; Peschka, Manuela; Frömel, Tobias; Müller, Jutta; Malpei, Francesca; Seel, P.; Knepper, Thomas P.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.035

Cited by 74 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is used especially in the cultivation of sugar beets. In surface water in the German region of Hesse, it was detected at low concentrations with a mean of 0.01 µg/L and a maximum of 0.89 µg/L (Buttiglieri et al 2009). The major metabolites of Chloridazon are Desphenyl-chloridazon (DPC) and Methyldesphenyl-chloridazon (MDPC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Many of those compounds are resistant to degradation or, in some cases, even formed during the wastewater treatment process (Knepper 2002). Compounds created via biotic or abiotic alteration are usually more polar and thus pose a potential risk of groundwater and drinking water contamination (Buttiglieri et al 2009). For example, metabolites from the herbicide Chloridazon (5-Amino-4-chlor-2-phenyl-2H-pyridazin-3-on, CAS 1698-60-8) were detected in groundwaters and surface waters that are used for drinking water production (Weber et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of Oxamic Acid During Drinking Water Treatment

Fleischer

Weiß

Lücke

et al. 2015

Ozone: Science & Engineering

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Although oxamic acid has been identified as an ozone oxidation product from several precursor compounds, concentrations for drinking water have not been published previously. This study shows results from a full-scale drinking water treatment plant, noting that the mean concentrations for oxamic acid reached 21.3 μg/L after ozonation and prior to filtration. Subsequent multiple-layer filtration removed 85% of oxamic acid on average, and mean concentrations in drinking water were 2 μg/L. Up to 5.9% of the oxamic acid found in ozone-treated groundwater may be formed from Chloridazon metabolites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Oxamic Acid During Drinking Water Treatment

Fleischer

Weiß

Lücke

et al. 2015

Ozone: Science & Engineering

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“…[95]. In northern Europe as well as derivatives of atrazine, degradates from a range of herbicides including glyphosate, chloridazon, bentazone, diuron and metribuzin [39,[150][151][152][153][154]. In southern Europe and the USA the focus has been on the degradates of the acetanilide herbicides: acetochlor, alachlor and metolachlor [40,[155][156][157][158][159].…”

Section: Key Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Organic Contaminants in Groundwater

Stuart

Lapworth

2013

Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation

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Emerging organic contaminants (ECs) are compounds now being found in groundwater from agricultural, urban sources that were previously not detectable, or thought to be significant. ECs include pesticides and degradates, pharmaceuticals, industrial compounds, personal care products, fragrances, water treatment byproducts, flame retardants and surfactants, as well as 'life-style' compounds such as caffeine and nicotine. ECs may have adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health.Frequently detected ECs include the anti-epileptic drug carbamazepine, the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole, the anti-inflammatories ibuprofen and diclofenac, and caffeine, as well as pesticide degradates. This means there will be challenges in the future in order to address these ECs and to minimise their impact on drinking water and ecosystems. In the coming decades, more ECs are likely to have environmental standards defined, and therefore a better understanding of environmental behaviour remains a priority.

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“…In 2007, approximately 25-100 t/a of chloridazon were sold in Germany. The microbial degradation of chloridazon in fields produces DPC and MDPC within 6 to 8 weeks [5]. Both degradation products (shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of matrix effects and improvement of sensitivity during determination of two chloridazon degradation products in aqueous matrices by using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS

et al. 2012

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The development and validation of a sensitive and reliable detection method for the determination of two polar degradation products, desphenyl-chloridazon (DPC) and methyl-desphenyl-chloridazon (MDPC) in surface water, ground water and drinking water is presented. The method is based on direct large volume injection ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. This simple but powerful analytical method for polar substances in the aquatic environment is usually hampered by varying matrix effects, depending on the nature of different water bodies. For the two examined degradation products, the matrix effects are particularly strong compared with other polar degradation products of pesticides. Therefore, matrix effects were studied thoroughly with the aim of minimising them and improving sensitivity during determination by postcolumn addition of ammonia solution as a modifier. An internal standard was used in order to compensate for remaining matrix effects. The calibration curve shows very good coefficients of correlation (0.9994 for DPC and 0.9999 for MDPC). Intraday precision values were lower than 5 % for DPC, 3 % for MDPC and the limits of detection were 10 ng/L for both substances. The method was successfully used in a national round robin test with a deviation between 3 and 8 % from target values. Finally, about 1,000 samples from different water bodies have been examined with this method in the Rhine and Ruhr region of North-Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) and in the European Union. Approximately 76 % of analysed samples contained measurable amounts of DPC at concentrations up to 8 μg/L while 53 % of the samples showed MDPC concentrations up to 2.3 μg/L.

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Environmental occurrence and degradation of the herbicide n-chloridazon

Cited by 74 publications

References 22 publications

Formation of Oxamic Acid During Drinking Water Treatment

Formation of Oxamic Acid During Drinking Water Treatment

Emerging Organic Contaminants in Groundwater

Reduction of matrix effects and improvement of sensitivity during determination of two chloridazon degradation products in aqueous matrices by using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS

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