Environmental management of tourist caves

Cigna, Arrigo A.

doi:10.1007/bf00775302

Cited by 75 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Cigna, 1993;Cigna and Burri, 2000), and (3) control of the already established 'Lampenflora' with physical, chemical or biological methodology (cf. Mulec and Kosi, 2009 for the distinction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that the annual number of visitors amount from 68,938 to 120,000 (according to the information by the Ephorate of Palaeoanthropology and Speleology of Southern Greece) the average heat release E (J) for the water gallery section of the cave is 1.037 •10 10 to 1.8 •10 10 J, while for the cave water-free part the amount ranges from 1.2 •10 11 to 7.17 •10 11 J. The heat emitted by visitors tends to raise the air temperature in a cave and may modify its humidity (Cigna, 1993;Cigna and Burri 2000;Mulec and Kosi, 2009). As a result, where the number of visitors is large and groups follow each other in close succession, the effects may be cumulative, requiring hours or even days to restore the former equilibrium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The show cave of Diros vs. wild caves of Peloponnese, Greece - distribution patterns of Cyanobacteria

Lamprinou¹,

Danielidis²,

Pantazidou³

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The show cave of Diros vs. wild caves of Peloponnese, Greece - distribution patterns of Cyanobacteria

Lamprinou¹,

Danielidis²,

Pantazidou³

et al. 2014

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“…Caving is a common practice that has been increasing worldwide, causing various impacts on the subterranean biodiversity (Cigna, 1993;Souza-Silva, 2008;Lobo & Moretti, 2009;Souza-Silva & Ferreira, 2009;Kartalis et al, 2011;Taylor et al, 2013). The use of ground water and pieces of speleothems for curative purposes by local population should also be mentioned (Souza-Silva et al, 2011;Taylor et al, 2013) especially considering the impacts and risks posed by this activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of antifungal susceptibility in cave-dwelling aspergilli and report of an amphotericin B-resistant Aspergillus flavus

Taylor¹,

Ferreira²,

Freitas³

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Caves are stable environments that favour the development of several microorganisms.The aspergilli represent a large number of species isolated from caves including strains capable of causing serious invasive opportunistic infections in humans. Considering that caves may harbour resistant strains to many antibiotics, investigation on the response of opportunistic aspergilli, isolated from pristine and tourist caves to antifungal agents and the mechanisms involved in resistance might be clinically relevant. A total of 32 strains of the species Aspergillus candidus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. tamarii, and A. terreus were isolated from caves in the iron quadrangle in Brazil. The strains were tested for their susceptibility to amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole, voriconazole and terbinafine. One strain was analysed for the mechanism involved in the AMB-resistance, i.e., ergosterol content, lipid peroxidation and enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system. Terbinafine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged between 0.003 and 1.0 µg/mL; voriconazole MICs ranged between 2.0 and >16.0 µg/mL; itraconazole MICs ranged between 0.25 and 8.0 µg/mL and amphotericin B MICs ranged between 0.03 and 4.0 µg/mL. The AMB-resistant strain of A. flavus was detected with MIC value of 4 µg/mL. Resistance to AMB relied on higher ergosterol levels and increased enzymatic activity of the peroxidase and superoxidedismutase, with lower lipid peroxidation. These results enhance the knowledge of natural antifungal resistance in the subterranean ecosystem, and broaden the knowledge about the subterranean microbiota.Iron cave, Aspergillus flavus, antifungal drugs, amphotericin B, primary resistance

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“…Tourist caves which focus on cultural contents tend to house a valuable representation of cave paintings, as well as the remains of former human presence and prehistoric occupation (Cigna, 1993). From the quantitative perspective, however, visits to these caves cannot be compared to other caves whose aesthetic character stands out, and the singular value of these resources makes them highly distinguishable inland destinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the efforts that have been made to make the public aware of the extraordinary prehistoric findings in caves have led to mistaken cave management from the very start (Calaforra et al, 2003). To create ideal conditions to conserve these caves, specific measures for visits need to be taken, which consist in establishing their daily and seasonal limits (visitors capacity; Cigna, 1993) or in defining special protection areas. Restrictions of visits imply that the tourist demand exceeds the supply; therefore, economic interests as opposed to characteristic sustainable caves management criteria and objectives may come into play (Fernández-Cortés, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

La Serreta endokarst (SE Spain): a sustainable value?

Asencio¹,

Espinosa²

2013

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La Serreta endokarst (SE Spain), which UNESCO declared a World Heritage Site in 1998, was considered a sanctuary with cave art and one of the most important archaeological sites in the Mediterranean region for both the remains it hosts and the spectacular karstic landscape at the site. To coincide with the 40th anniversary of its discovery, the La Serreta cave-chasm was adapted for public use with the intention of showing visitors the remains, which date back to prehistoric times. The solution included attempts to minimize contact with the valuables in the cave in order to alter the existing remains as little as possible and to make good use of the magnificent interpretative conditions of such a unique place by showing the spectacular views over the Los Almadenes canyon, where the Segura River flowed, which is now a viewpoint over the void. In order to determine the sustainability of the endokarst, the Karstic Sustainability Index (KSI) was applied as a standard measure of sustainable development practices in karstic environments, which employs indicators for the three domains: use of social, economic and environmental resources. By applying this index, La Serreta endokarst was found to be progressing towards the sustainable management of karst resources.

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Environmental management of tourist caves

Cited by 75 publications

References 1 publication

The show cave of Diros vs. wild caves of Peloponnese, Greece - distribution patterns of Cyanobacteria

The show cave of Diros vs. wild caves of Peloponnese, Greece - distribution patterns of Cyanobacteria

Screening of antifungal susceptibility in cave-dwelling aspergilli and report of an amphotericin B-resistant Aspergillus flavus

La Serreta endokarst (SE Spain): a sustainable value?

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