Environmental Law

Bell, Stuart; McGillivray, Donald; Pedersen, Ole

doi:10.1093/he/9780199583805.001.0001

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…It is not enough if only to see water pollution because about 30% of water supply is taken from groundwater. As a result, water pollution control includes control fluid drainage into the ground (Bell and McGillivray, 2004).…”

Section: Water Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastropods As A Bioindicator and Biomonitoring Water Pollution

Samsi¹,

Asaf²,

Sahabuddin³

et al. 2017

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Andi Nur Samsi, Ruzkiah Asaf, Sahabuddin, Andi Santi, and Muhammad Ikhsan Wamnebo. 2017. Review: Gastropods as A Bioindicator and Biomonitoring Metal Pollution. Aquacultura Indonesiana, 18 (1): 1-8. Water pollution effect on aquatic organisms and if consumed can affect people's health. These pollutants can be heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg, and others. Heavy metals have high levels will cause disorders of the kidneys, brain, severe irritation to the skin, can cause diarrhea and even death. The purpose of this paper is to explain physiological mechanisms that occur in the body of gastropods are linked to pollutants in the water environment. Therefore, monitoring the level of pollution a body of water that is alleged to have suffered contamination is very important. Gastropods are one of the aquatic animals (Class) used as bioindicators and biomonitoring for this group of animals has a high ability to accumulate heavy metals in their bodies compared to other aquatic animals. Gastropods is one bioavailability against metal pollution so that it can be used for environmental monitoring. Littoraria scabra, Nassarius reticulatus, Nerita albicilla, Nucella lapillus, Gibberulus gibbosus, Terebralia palustris, and Telescopium telescopiun always use as biomonitoring metal pollution. The main indicator that can be shown by gastropods is declining abundance and body size. Other indicators are as bioavailability of heavy metals in the soft tissues and shells. The ability of the heavy metal deposits is influenced by environmental factors, body size, weight, and gender. Heavy metals can affect hard, thickness, volume, and color of the shell.

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Section: Water Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastropods As A Bioindicator and Biomonitoring Water Pollution

Samsi¹,

Asaf²,

Sahabuddin³

et al. 2017

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“…As Cook (2016) shows, prior to the 1940s water governance was predicated on localized control with most management tasks, primarily water supply and sewage treatment, allocated to local municipal authorities and http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol21/iss2/art38/ dedicated catchment scale agencies (internal drainage boards, fisheries boards, and catchment boards). Rationalization of this polycentric approach began with the Rivers Board Act 1948 that established a system of catchment based river boards to assume most functions (Bell and McGillivray 2000). River authorities then took control over these tasks, apart from sewage treatment and drinking supply, during the 1960s.…”

Section: Liberating the Self Reducing The Importance Of Impersonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partnering for bioregionalism in England: a case study of the Westcountry Rivers Trust

Cook¹,

Benson²,

Couldrick³

2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. The adoption of bioregionalism by institutions that are instrumental in river basin management has significant potential to resolve complex water resource management problems. The Westcountry Rivers Trust (WRT) in England provides an example of how localized bioregional institutionalization of adaptive comanagement, consensus decision making, local participation, indigenous technical and social knowledge, and "win-win" outcomes can potentially lead to resilient partnership working. Our analysis of the WRT's effectiveness in confronting nonpoint source water pollution, previously impervious to centralized agency responses, provides scope for lesson-drawing on institutional design, public engagement, and effective operation, although some evident issues remain.

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“…In England, legal action can be taken both in the case of actual damage to property or person (negligence) and in the case of suffering inconvenience or distress (nuisance) due to the consequence of dam or defense failure. Similar to the situation in France, those owning and maintaining dams in England are somewhat protected from negligence liability if they comply with current and recognized regulatory standards (Bell et al 2013). In the case of nuisance, it is the proprietary interests (e.g., interference with how a claimant is able to use or enjoy that land) that will have been affected and the reasonableness of defendants' actions will be considered.…”

Section: Reservoir Act 1975 As Amended By the Flood And Water Manmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dealing with change and uncertainty within the regulatory frameworks for flood defense infrastructure in selected European countries

Goytia¹,

Pettersson²,

Schellenberger³

et al. 2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Whereas existing literature on the interactions among law, adaptive governance, and resilience in the water sector often focuses on quality or supply issues, this paper addresses adaptation in national water laws in relation to increasing flood risks. In particular, this paper analyzes the extent to which legal rules governing flood defense infrastructure in a selection of European countries (England, France, Sweden, and The Netherlands) allow for response and adaptation to change and uncertainty. Although there is evidence that the legal rules on the development of new infrastructure require that changing conditions be considered, the adaptation of existing infrastructure is a more complicated matter. Liability rules fail to adequately address damages resulting from causes external to the action or inaction of owners and managers, in particular extreme events. A trend toward clearer, and in some cases, increased public powers to ensure the safety of flood defense infrastructure is observed. The paper concludes that legal rules should ensure not only that decisions to build flood defenses are based on holistic and future-oriented assessments, but also that this is reflected in the implementation and operation of these structures.

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Environmental Law

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Gastropods As A Bioindicator and Biomonitoring Water Pollution

Gastropods As A Bioindicator and Biomonitoring Water Pollution

Partnering for bioregionalism in England: a case study of the Westcountry Rivers Trust

Dealing with change and uncertainty within the regulatory frameworks for flood defense infrastructure in selected European countries

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