Environmental justice and air pollution: A case study on Italian provinces

“…Many recent types of research efforts to use SO 2 emission as the pollution indicator caused by combustion to measure disproportionate emission [10,25,26]. Dong et al [27] mentioned that SO 2 emission is unequally exposed in the different regions in China due to the uneven evolution of industrial activities.…”

Section: Air Pollution In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air pollution inequality is rising across regions in China, and the more heavily polluted regions suffer more health damage [4]. To parallel recent studies on examining air pollution inequality in the US [5][6][7][8] and Europe [9][10][11][12], it is important to bring the equal opportunity for people to have the healthy and clean environment [7]. Therefore, it is worthy to investigate emission disparities in China regions and what trends have occurred in air pollution inequality in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution Inequality and Its Sources in SO2 and NOX Emissions among Chinese Provinces from 2006 to 2015

2018

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This paper investigates inequality in SO 2 and NO X emissions, by observing their extraordinary levels and uneven distribution in China during the period of the 11th and 12th Five-Year Plans (FYPs, 2006(FYPs, -2015. This provincial and regional analysis utilizing the Theil index and Kaya factors help us to find the trajectory of inequality and its primary sources. Based on our analysis, we conclude the driving factors behind emissions inequalities are as follows. There are four economic factors of per capita SO 2 emission: SO 2 emission intensity of coal consumption, coal intensity of power generation, power intensity of GDP, and per capita GDP. Additionally, there are four urban development factors of per capita NO X emission: NO X emission intensity of gasoline consumption, proportion of gasoline vehicles, vehicle use in urban population, and urbanization rate. The SO 2 emission results represent an increase of 6% in overall inequality where the inequality of power intensity of GDP is the main contributor. In terms of NO X emission, the 3% growth in total inequality is related to the high effect of NO X emission intensity of gasoline consumption. We also examine the effect of other factors affecting the trajectory of inequalities. To apply these results in practice, we compare the 11th and 12th FYPs and give some policy suggestions.

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“…Equation (4) minimizes the total weighted travel time between high-level trauma centers and trauma demands; Equation (5) maximizes the coverage of the trauma demands; Equation (6) maximizes the total medical quality of the high-level trauma centers; Equation (7) minimizes the total construction cost of the high-level trauma centers; Equation (8) ensures that the desired number of high-level trauma centers is determined; Equation (9) ensures that each trauma demand is covered by a high-level trauma center; Equation (10) ensures that only the selected high-level trauma centers can provide service for trauma demands; and Equations (11)- (13) ensure that the value of the variable is 0 or 1.…”

Section: Location-allocation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trauma occurs suddenly, and experts have shown that trauma emergencies should be treated in the "Golden Hour" to reduce the rate of death and disability [7][8][9][10][11]. A trauma emergency includes three stages: pre-hospital emergency, emergency disposal and intensive care unit (ICU) observation [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Location Optimization Using a Hierarchical Location-Allocation Model for Trauma Centers in Shenzhen, China

Zhu

Tian

et al. 2016

IJGI

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Trauma is considered a "modern civilized sickness", and its occurrence substantially affects all of society, as well as individuals. The implementation of trauma emergency systems in cities with young, prosperous, and highly mobile populations is necessary and significant. A complete trauma emergency system includes both low-level trauma centers that offer basic emergency services and high-level trauma centers that offer comprehensive services. GIS and operational research methods were used to solve the location problem associated with these centers. This study analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of trauma demands and the candidate locations of trauma centers based on a spatial analysis and presented a hierarchical location-allocation model for low-and high-level trauma centers in Shenzhen. The response, coverage, treatment and cost capacities of the trauma center locations were considered, and an ant colony optimization was used to calculate the optimal solution. The objectives of this study were to optimize trauma center locations, improve the allocation of medical trauma resources and reduce the rate of deaths and disabilities due to trauma.

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Environmental justice and air pollution: A case study on Italian provinces

Cited by 50 publications

References 62 publications

Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic performance of W, N, S-tri-doped TiO2 under visible light irradiation

Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic performance of W, N, S-tri-doped TiO2 under visible light irradiation

Air Pollution Inequality and Its Sources in SO2 and NOX Emissions among Chinese Provinces from 2006 to 2015

Location Optimization Using a Hierarchical Location-Allocation Model for Trauma Centers in Shenzhen, China

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