Environmental influences on benthic fauna associations of the Kara Sea (Arctic Russia)

Jørgensen, Lis Lindal; Pearson, T.H.; Anisimova, N. A.; Gulliksen, Bjørn; Dahle, S.; Denisenko, Stanislav G; Matishov, Genadij G.

doi:10.1007/s003000050435

Cited by 64 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The influence of different water bodies with various temperature, salinity, and sediment characteristics on benthic assemblages was also reported for other Arctic regions (e.g. Kara Sea, Jørgensen et al 1999;Pechora Sea, Denisenko et al 2003). Benthic assemblages in the Canadian Arctic have been related to water mass temperature and primary production (Stewart et al 1985), depth and sediment texture (e.g.…”

Section: Effects Of Abiotic Factors On Benthic Assemblagessupporting

confidence: 61%

Biodiversity of benthic assemblages on the Arctic continental shelf: historical data from Canada

Cusson¹,

Archambault²,

Aitken³

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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This study describes patterns of abundance, diversity, and assemblages of benthic macrofauna within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. A review of data reports and the published literature yielded 219 stations and 947 taxa from 7 sources in various regions of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (i.e. Beaufort Sea and Mackenzie Shelf, Victoria Island, Hudson and James Bays, Frobisher Bay, Ungava Bay, and Southern Davis Strait). In general, we observed that eastern regions of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago showed greater values of species richness (or α diversity) than the western and central regions, whereas no specific patterns were observed for Shannon-Wiener's diversity (H') and Pielou's evenness (J') indices. The Beaufort Sea and Mackenzie Shelf region exhibited high values of taxonomic distinctness (Δ + ), whereas Hudson Bay showed low values. However, the Hudson Bay region showed high values of turnover (β W ) diversity. A non-metric multi-dimensional scaling plot of similarity (Bray-Curtis index) and analysis of similarity revealed that species composition differed among regions, even those located in close proximity to one another. These investigations were conducted at different levels of taxonomic resolution (Species, Order, Class and Phyla) and the results demonstrated that most patterns were maintained up to the Order and Class level. A relatively small number of taxa, mainly annelids, were responsible for most of the dissimilarity among regions. Bottom salinity and temperature were the most important environmental variables (among depth of site, bottom temperature, salinity, physical and chemical sediment characteristics) for determining these assemblage patterns. Multiple regression analyses also demonstrated that variance in species richness and diversity (H') was best explained by variance in salinity (55 and 43% respectively). The analysis of a time series from Frobisher Bay revealed that the temporal (mo/yrscale) variability of assemblages was of the same order as the spatial (km-scale) variability among sites.KEY WORDS: Benthic assemblage · Meta-analysis · Historical data · Arctic macrobenthos · Multivariate analysis · α, γ, and turnover (β) diversity · Spatial and temporal variabilityResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Effects Of Abiotic Factors On Benthic Assemblagessupporting

confidence: 61%

Biodiversity of benthic assemblages on the Arctic continental shelf: historical data from Canada

Cusson¹,

Archambault²,

Aitken³

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Arctic benthic assem− blages are rather poor in truly Arctic species and cold−eurythermal boreal immi− grants are typical of many Arctic locations (Piepenburg 2005). Arctic−boreal ele− ments made up over 55% of species in the Kara Sea (Jørgensen et al 1999), 54% to 60% depending on the fjord zone in Disko Fjord, west Greenland (Schmid and Piepenburg 1993), 69% in Franz Josef Land archipelago (Dahle et al 2009), about 45% in Skoddebukta, west Spitsbergen and Franz Joseph Land (Włodarska et al 1996) and 29% of species in Spitsbergen glacial bays (Włodarska−Kowalczuk et al 1998). The low occurrence of species of Arctic origin is typical of Arctic ma− rine benthos and is explained by short period of its evolution, which did not allow for much speciation as far (Curtis 1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft bottom macrofauna of an All Taxa Biodiversity Site: Hornsund (77○N, Svalbard)

Kędra¹,

Gromisz²,

Jaskuła³

et al. 2010

Polish Polar Research

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Abstract:Hornsund, an Arctic fjord in the west coast of Spitsbergen (Svalbard), was se− lected as All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) site under EU 5th Framework Concerted Action BIOMARE (2000)(2001)(2002), especially due to its pristine, undisturbed natural charac− ter. On the base of large material (89 stations located throughout the fjord and 129 Van Veen grab samples) collected during cruises of RV Oceania in July in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007 and literature search a comprehensive list of species recorded within Hornsund area, on the soft bottom with depth range of 30-250 m is provided. Over 220 species were identified in− cluding 93 species of Polychaeta, 62 species of Mollusca and 58 species of Crustacea. Spe− cies list is supported by information on the zoogeographical status, body length and biologi− cal traits of dominant species. Need for further research on Hornsund soft bottom fauna with more sampling effort is highlighted.

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“…In addition, nearshore areas are under the influence of freshwater runoff, in particular the Laptev, Kara, and Beaufort Seas (Jørgensen et al 1999, Deubel et al 2003. Low numbers of euryhaline and brackish-water benthic species, some particularly well-adapted to high sedimentation rates (e.g., Portlandia arctica), dominated the shelf regions in estuaries (Deubel et al 2003), where benthic biomass can be lower than under fully marine conditions (Jørgensen et al 1999).…”

Section: Arctic Benthic Communities and Food Webmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Variability in Food Availability for Arctic Marine Mammals

Bluhm

Gradinger

2008

Ecological Applications

283

192

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Abstract. This review provides an overview of prey preferences of seven core Arctic marine mammal species (AMM) and four non-core species on a pan-Arctic scale with regional examples. Arctic marine mammal species exploit prey resources close to the sea ice, in the water column, and at the sea floor, including lipid-rich pelagic and benthic crustaceans and pelagic and ice-associated schooling fishes such as capelin and Arctic cod. Prey preferred by individual species range from cephalopods and benthic bivalves to Greenland halibut. A few AMM are very prey-, habitat-, and/or depth-specific (e.g., walrus, polar bear), while others are rather opportunistic and, therefore, likely less vulnerable to change (e.g., beluga, bearded seal). In the second section, we review prey distribution patterns and current biomass hotspots in the three major physical realms (sea ice, water column, and seafloor), highlighting relations to environmental parameters such as advection patterns and the sea ice regime. The third part of the contribution presents examples of documented changes in AMM prey distribution and biomass and, subsequently, suggests three potential scenarios of large-scale biotic change, based on published observations and predictions of environmental change. These scenarios discuss (1) increased pelagic primary and, hence, secondary production, particularly in the central Arctic, during open-water conditions in the summer (based on surplus nutrients currently unutilized); (2) reduced benthic and pelagic biomass in coastal/shelf areas (due to increased river runoff and, hence, changed salinity and turbidity conditions); and (3) increased pelagic grazing and recycling in open-water conditions at the expense of the current tight benthic-pelagic coupling in part of the ice-covered shelf regions (due to increased pelagic consumption vs. vertical flux). Should those scenarios hold true, pelagic-feeding and generalist AMM might be advantaged, while the range for benthic shelf-feeding, ice-dependent AMM such as walrus would decrease. New pelagic feeding grounds may open up to AMM and subarctic marine mammal species in the High Arctic basins while nearshore waters might provide less abundant food in the future.

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Environmental influences on benthic fauna associations of the Kara Sea (Arctic Russia)

Cited by 64 publications

References 10 publications

Biodiversity of benthic assemblages on the Arctic continental shelf: historical data from Canada

Biodiversity of benthic assemblages on the Arctic continental shelf: historical data from Canada

Soft bottom macrofauna of an All Taxa Biodiversity Site: Hornsund (77○N, Svalbard)

Regional Variability in Food Availability for Arctic Marine Mammals

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