Environmental impacts and resource losses of incinerating misplaced household special wastes (WEEE, batteries, ink cartridges and cables)

Detection and recognition of batteries on X-Ray images of waste electrical and electronic equipment using deep learning

“…Examples of CRMs commonly present in batteries are cobalt and natural graphite in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), antimony in lead-acid batteries, neodymium, praseodymium, lanthanum, and cerium in nickel-metal hydride batteries, and indium in alkaline batteries (Mathieux et al, 2017;Deloitte Sustainability et al, 2017;Umicore, 2020). Examples of hazardous materials commonly used in batteries are mercury, lead, and cadmium (Bigum et al, 2017). Therefore, it is also mandatory to separate all batteries from WEEE according to the WEEE Directive (2012, p. 26).…”

Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries: Environmental Strategies and Sustainability Evaluation

“…Harmful substances in the battery will enter the human food chain through multiple pathways, which will inevitably lead to the accumulation of toxins in the body and endanger human health . The cobalt element in lithium ion batteries is carcinogenic, which can easily enter the human body through the digestive and respiratory tracts, causing lung disease and gastrointestinal damage . In addition, the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte of lithium ion batteries will decompose on exposure to water, which will cause fluorine pollution and deteriorate the ozone layer.…”

“…7 The cobalt element in lithium ion batteries is carcinogenic, which can easily enter the human body through the digestive and respiratory tracts, causing lung disease and gastrointestinal damage. 8 In addition, the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the electrolyte of lithium ion batteries will decompose on exposure to water, which will cause fluorine pollution and deteriorate the ozone layer.…”

Removal of Zn(II) and Mn(II) by Ion Flotation from Aqueous Solutions Derived from Zn-C and Zn-Mn(II) Batteries Leaching

“…Ecological aspects and an increasing depletion of polymetallic ores generate the need for research on new nonferrous materials in unused and hard-to-reach places as well as for the improvement in techniques used to recover metals from secondary sources. There is a growing interest in the recovery of metals from electrical and electronic solid wastes [1][2][3][4][5][6], batteries and accumulators [7][8][9][10], as well as car catalysts [11]. The main advantages of waste treatment are the recovery of valuable metallic materials and the prevention of the release of toxic metals into the natural environment.…”