Environmental impact studies of biodiesel production from <i>Jatropha curcas</i> in india by life cycle assessment

Kalaivani, K.; Ravikumar, Gayatri; Balasubramanian, N.

doi:10.1002/ep.11913

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Our results are similar with previous research studies, where environmental burdens were primarily associated with fossil diesel use, electricity consumption, and the use of synthetic fertilizer [45,[55][56][57][58][59][60]. Our findings were in accordance with previous studies conducted on biodiesel production from different biomass sources such as JC, soybean, castor oil, waste cooking oil etc, where oil extraction stage accounted for the largest contribution and cultivation stage was responsible for minor emissions to all the environmental impact categories evaluated [61] With respect to GHG emissions, the main impact is related to JC seeds processing (79.3%), whereas 20.7% emissions were caused by cultivation of JC seeds [62].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Furthermore, in the oil conversion stage in JC biodiesel production in Pakistan, mostly purchased electricity and fossil energy was consumed to run equipment/machinery for crude JC oil conversion into JC biodiesel. Energy demand for the processing stage of biodiesel alone accounted for 65% and 85% of the overall energy demand for palm and JC biodiesel manufacturing, respectively [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65]. Likewise, according to, JC cultivation stage accounted for 12% to the overall CED, whereas overall transportation of JC saplings to the plantation site, oil cake and unrefined Jatropha oil contributed 15% to the CED in China.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental sustainability assessment of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. seeds oil in Pakistan

et al. 2021

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According to IPCC Annual Report (AR-5), environmental impact assessment of any product prototype is recommended before its large-scale commercialization; however, no environmental profile analysis of any biodiesel prototype has been conducted in Pakistan. Therefore, objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA), water footprint and cumulative energy demand (CED) of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. (JC) seeds oil in Pakistan. A cradle-to-gate LCA approach was applied for 400 liter (L) JC biodiesel produced in Pakistan. JC biodiesel production chain was divided into three stages i.e., 1). cultivation of JC crop 2). crude oil extraction from JC seeds and 3). crude oil conversion to biodiesel. Primary data for all the stages were acquired through questionnaire surveys, field visits and measurements in the field. Potential environmental impacts were calculated in SimaPro v.9.2 software using Eco-indicator 99 methodology. Results showed that crude oil extraction stage accounted for highest emissions (77%) to the overall environmental impact categories evaluated, followed by oil conversion stage (21%) and JC cultivation stage (02%), respectively. The three stages of JC biodiesel production chain are major contributor to ecotoxicity with a contribution of 57% to this impact category. Higher contribution to ecotoxicity was due to agrochemicals used in the JC cultivation. Similarly, fossil fuels impact category was responsible for 38% of overall environmental impacts. In addition, water footprint of JC biodiesel production chain was 2632.54 m3/reference unit. Cumulative energy required for 400L JC biodiesel production chain was 46745.70 MJ in Pakistan. Fossil diesel consumption, synthetic fertilizers use and purchased electricity were major hotspot sources to environmental burdens caused by JC biodiesel production in Pakistan. By performing sensitivity analysis at 20% reduction of the baseline values of fossil diesel used, synthetic fertilizers and purchased electricity, a marked decrease in environmental footprint was observed. It is highly recommended that use of renewable energy instead of fossil energy would provide environmental benefits such as lower greenhouse gases and other toxic emissions as compared to conventional petroleum fuels. It is also recommended that JC as a biofuel plant, has been reported to have many desired characteristics such as quick growth, easy cultivation, drought resistance, pest and insect resistance, and mainly great oil content in JC seeds (27–40%). Therefore, JC plant is highly recommended to Billion Tree Afforestation Project (BTAP) for plantation on wasteland because it has multipurpose benefits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental sustainability assessment of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. seeds oil in Pakistan

et al. 2021

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“…Controversies involving several pros and cons for the production of fuels from biomass products over food security have stimulated the search for alternatives to the production of second‐generation energy and in the last years, it has been the priority sustainable ways . Literature studies have reported the production of biodiesel from a variety of inedible raw materials and that can be harnessed to co‐use such as waste cooking oil, sewage sludge, Jatropha curcas , cartor oil, algal, and tallow .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melon seed oil utilization for biodiesel production and analysis of liquid–liquid equilibrium for the system biodiesel + methanol + glycerin

Sena

Pereira

2016

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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In the present study, seeds from yellow melon (Cucumis melo l.), considered an industrial and domestic waste, were used as an oleaginous source to produce biodiesel by transesterification reaction in methanol and due to the importance and the lack of data, a study of phase equilibrium of the system biodiesel + methanol + glycerin was also conducted. The mean molecular mass the theoretical mass of biodiesel, and the conversion rate of the reaction were calculated. For the liquid–liquid study, Othmer‐Tobias and Hand correlations were applied to evaluate the data reliability of the tie‐lines and the NRTL and UNIQUAC models were used to predict the phase equilibrium. The results showed that oil from melon seeds could be a new alternative for the production of biodiesel, with a conversion rate close to 85%. The equilibrium data showed that the biodiesel obtained from melon seeds oil presented advantage in the production process, since the biodiesel is easily separated from the methanol and glycerol in the separation step, avoiding additional costs with steps of purification. Among the models evaluated, better agreement in the results was observed when NRTL was used (s.d. = 1.25%), followed by UNIQUAC model (s.d. 2.70%). © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 325–332, 2017

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“…Results of the latter studies also depend on assumptions regarding the type of vehicle in which biofuels are used. Nonetheless, several studies suggest that reduction in GHG emissions from biofuels compared to fossil fuels is carried out at the expense of other impacts, such as acidification and eutrophication [ 32 , 54 , 76 , 81 , 83 , 88 , 121 , 129 , 139 , 148 , 216 , 242 – 244 ].…”

Section: Environmental Impacts Of Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental sustainability of biofuels: a review

2020

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Biofuels are being promoted as a low-carbon alternative to fossil fuels as they could help to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the related climate change impact from transport. However, there are also concerns that their wider deployment could lead to unintended environmental consequences. Numerous life cycle assessment (LCA) studies have considered the climate change and other environmental impacts of biofuels. However, their findings are often conflicting, with a wide variation in the estimates. Thus, the aim of this paper is to review and analyse the latest available evidence to provide a greater clarity and understanding of the environmental impacts of different liquid biofuels. It is evident from the review that the outcomes of LCA studies are highly situational and dependent on many factors, including the type of feedstock, production routes, data variations and methodological choices. Despite this, the existing evidence suggests that, if no land-use change (LUC) is involved, first-generation biofuels can—on average—have lower GHG emissions than fossil fuels, but the reductions for most feedstocks are insufficient to meet the GHG savings required by the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED). However, second-generation biofuels have, in general, a greater potential to reduce the emissions, provided there is no LUC. Third-generation biofuels do not represent a feasible option at present state of development as their GHG emissions are higher than those from fossil fuels. As also discussed in the paper, several studies show that reductions in GHG emissions from biofuels are achieved at the expense of other impacts, such as acidification, eutrophication, water footprint and biodiversity loss. The paper also investigates the key methodological aspects and sources of uncertainty in the LCA of biofuels and provides recommendations to address these issues.

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Environmental impact studies of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas in india by life cycle assessment

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Environmental sustainability assessment of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. seeds oil in Pakistan

Environmental sustainability assessment of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. seeds oil in Pakistan

Melon seed oil utilization for biodiesel production and analysis of liquid–liquid equilibrium for the system biodiesel + methanol + glycerin

Environmental sustainability of biofuels: a review

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