Environmental health indicators and a case study of air pollution in Latin American cities

Bell, Michelle L.; Cifuentes, Luis A.; Davis, Devra Lee; Cushing, Erin; Telles, Adriana Gusman; Gouveia, Nélson

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2010.10.005

Cited by 83 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In short, from these examples (Curiel and Garibay, 2006;UNEP, 2012 andBell et al, 2011) we confirm the main environmental problem that is present in the city of Guadalajara. Likewise, we recognize that a strategy to deal with it is increasing the social capacities in the fields of scientific literacy for its citizens.…”

Section: The United Nations Environment Programme and The Health Indisupporting

confidence: 74%

“…We have three main references: a) a local citizens' forum which emerged in 1995 wherein the principle environmental problems are revived and are identified by different social sectors; b) a worldwide scientific report on air quality published in 2012 prepared by the United Nations Environment Programme, and 3) a study carried out by Bell et al (2011), on air pollution in sixteen Latin American cities.…”

Section: Environmental Health Indicators As Guideposts For Science LImentioning

confidence: 99%

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El Campo De La Salud Ambiental: Una Oportunidad Para Alcanzar Las Metas De La Educación Científica

2015

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Este trabajo destaca la importancia de la conexión entre la salud ambiental y la alfabetización científica. A través de un enfoque histórico se describen las aportaciones de la salud ambiental a la alfabetización científica y se analiza un caso contemporáneo: la contaminación del aire y la salud humana en las zonas urbanas. Destacamos la importancia de aprender acerca de la exposición diaria a la contaminación del aire y los efectos sobre la salud humana, cuando la calidad del aire se deteriora. Establecemos al aire como un indicador de la salud ambiental y un punto de referencia que deberá figurar en la alfabetización científica para que las personas sean capaces de tomar decisiones responsables para su bienestar, así como para el de las comunidades.

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Section: The United Nations Environment Programme and The Health Indisupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Environmental Health Indicators As Guideposts For Science LImentioning

confidence: 99%

El Campo De La Salud Ambiental: Una Oportunidad Para Alcanzar Las Metas De La Educación Científica

2015

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“…Haze is pollution of fine particles in nature, fine particles are mainly from industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust pollutants, and secondary aerosols formed through a series of photochemical reactions. Haze has adverse effects on human health (Yadav et al, 2003;Xiao et al, 2006;Bell et al, 2011). Haze, rich in toxic and hazardous substances, can directly enter the human body through the respiratory system and adhere to the upper and lower respiratory tract and lungs, X. G. Liu et al: Formation and evolution mechanism of regional haze: a case study in Beijing, China which ultimately causes respiratory and cardiovascular diseases (Tie et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and evolution mechanism of regional haze: a case study in the megacity Beijing, China

et al. 2013

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The main objective of this study is to investigate the formation and evolution mechanism of the regional haze in megacity Beijing by analyzing the process of a severe haze that occurred 20–27 September 2011. Mass concentration and size distribution of aerosol particles as well as aerosol optical properties were concurrently measured at the Beijing urban atmospheric environment monitoring station. Gaseous pollutants (SO₂, NO-NO₂-NO_x, O₃, CO) and meteorological parameters (wind speed, wind direction, and relative humidity) were simultaneously monitored. Meanwhile, aerosol spatial distribution and the height of planetary boundary layer (PBL) were retrieved from the signal of satellite and LIDAR (light detection and ranging). Concentrations of NO, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, and CO observed during 23–27 September had exceeded the national ambient air quality standards for residents. The mass concentration of PM_2.5 gradually accumulated during the measurement and reached at 220 μg m⁻³ on 26 September, and the corresponding atmospheric visibility was only 1.1 km. The daily averaged AOD in Beijing increased from ~ 0.16 at λ = 500 nm on 22 September and reached ~ 3.5 on 26 September. The key factors that affected the formation and evolution of this haze episode were stable anti-cyclone synoptic conditions at the surface, decreasing of the height of PBL, heavy pollution emissions from urban area, number and size evolution of aerosols, and hygroscopic growth for aerosol scattering. This case study may provide valuable information for the public to recognize the formation mechanism of the regional haze event over the megacity, which is also useful for the government to adopt scientific approach to forecast and eliminate the occurrence of regional haze in China

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“…In lower atmospheric layers, aerosol particles can accumulate and result in air pollution under unfavorable dispersion conditions, and then produce the adverse effects on human health and atmospheric visibility (Wu et al, 2005). Haze is an atmospheric phenomenon where the sky clarity is obscured by dust, smoke and other dry particles, during which atmospheric visibility and relative humidity (RH) are usually below 10 km and 80 % (Wu et al, 2006;Xiao et al, 2006;Fu et al, 2008;Bell et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into a historic severe haze event in Shanghai: synoptic situation, boundary layer and pollutants

Leng

Duan

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. A historic haze event, characterized by lengthy, large-scale and severe pollution, occurred in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) of China from 1 to 10 December 2013. This haze event significantly influenced air quality throughout the region, especially in urban areas. Aerosol physical, chemical and optical properties were measured in Shanghai. Sometimes the 1 h average particle concentration (e.g., PM 2.5 ) exceeded 600 µg m −3 . Inorganic water-soluble ions in particles, trace gases and aerosol optical coefficients had a similar tendency to increase evidently from clear to hazy episodes. A combination of various factors contributed to the formation and evolution of the haze event, among which meteorological conditions, local anthropogenic emissions and pollutants are the major factors. High pressure system, calm surface wind and subsidence airflow were responsible for the decrease of planetary boundary layer (PBL) and the accumulation of pollutants. Atmospheric visibility correlated strongly with relative humidity (RH), particle number in size of 600-1400 nm other than particulate water-soluble species and particle mass (PM 2.5 ). The particle hygroscopicity plays an important role in atmospheric visibility reduction. The results are somewhat helpful to forecast and eliminate regional atmospheric pollution in China.

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Environmental health indicators and a case study of air pollution in Latin American cities

Cited by 83 publications

References 82 publications

El Campo De La Salud Ambiental: Una Oportunidad Para Alcanzar Las Metas De La Educación Científica

El Campo De La Salud Ambiental: Una Oportunidad Para Alcanzar Las Metas De La Educación Científica

Formation and evolution mechanism of regional haze: a case study in the megacity Beijing, China

Insights into a historic severe haze event in Shanghai: synoptic situation, boundary layer and pollutants

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