Environmental Flows Risk Assessment of Effluent Outfalls from Conventional Wet Washed Coffee Refineries in Limu Kosa District of Southwestern Ethiopia

Mosissa, Tadesse

doi:10.11648/j.ajep.20160506.17

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The mean TS, TSS, and turbidity levels of both coffee processing plants were also found high enough to cause pollution ( Table 2 ). Both TS and TSS Values were found similar to previous studies obtained by Mosissa et al 18 such elevated value of TS, TSS, and turbidity in both plant coffee wastewater could be attributed to various solid by-products such as coffee pulp, skin, parchment, and bean can contribute to turbidity. Discharge of solids increases the turbidity of water and causes a long-term demand for oxygen because of the slow hydrolysis rate of the organic fraction of the material.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…But the abundance and diversity level remained lower than compared with the upper stream sites of the Orsha river which was in line with the study conducted. 18 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But the abundance and diversity level remained lower than compared with the upper stream sites of the Orsha river which was in line with the study conducted. 18 The dominant taxa greater than 35% indicates poor water quality, between 25% and 35% indicates fair water quality, and less than 25% indicates good water quality. 18 Based on this criterion, 2 sampling points were classified under poor water while the remaining sampling point was classified under fair water quality.…”

Section: Environmental Health Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 The dominant taxa greater than 35% indicates poor water quality, between 25% and 35% indicates fair water quality, and less than 25% indicates good water quality. 18 Based on this criterion, 2 sampling points were classified under poor water while the remaining sampling point was classified under fair water quality.…”

Section: Environmental Health Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Wastewater Discharge From Coffee Processing Plant on River Water Quality, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia

Genanaw

Kanno

Derese

et al. 2021

Environ�Health�Insights

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In Ethiopia, most of the coffee processing plants are generating large amounts of wastewater with high pollutant concentrations and discharge directly into the water bodies untreated or partially treated. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of coffee wastewater discharged to river water quality using physicochemical parameters and macro-invertebrate indices. This study was conducted from November to the end of December 2019. Ten wastewater and river water samples were taken from coffee the processing plant and river. The macro-invertebrate samples were collected by kick sampling technique using a standard hand net. Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were examined at 3 sampling stations. The Pielou evenness index was also determined. It was found that except for TDS all the parameters of the raw wastewater and river water did not comply with the international discharge limit. The mean concentration of Faro coffee processing plant wastewater were BOD5 (2409.6 ± 173.1 mg/L), COD (4302 ± 437 mg/L), TSS (2824.6 ± 428.4 mg/L), TDS (3226 ± 623.6 mg/L), and TS (4183.3 ± 432.9 mg/L). Whereas from Bokaso coffee processing plant were BOD5 (3770 ± 604.4 mg/L), COD (4082.6 ± 921.9 mg/L), TSS (2766 ± 501.7 mg/L), TDS (3017 ± 747.6 mg/L), and TS (3874 ± 471.1 mg/L). A total of 392 macroinvertebrates belonging to 24 families and 7 orders were collected. The benthos assemblage communities in this river were 40, 56, and 296 at downstream 1, downstream 2, and upstream respectively. The value of the Simpson diversity index varies from 0.4 to 0.75. In the same manner, the value of the Shannon diversity index also varied from 0.5 to 1.36. Most of the physicochemical parameters of the raw wastewater were beyond the national and international discharge limits. The quality of Orsha river water downstream was more adversely affected compared to upstream.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…But the abundance and diversity level remained lower than compared with the upper stream sites of the Orsha river which was in line with the study conducted. 18 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Health Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Health Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Wastewater Discharge From Coffee Processing Plant on River Water Quality, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia

Genanaw

Kanno

Derese

et al. 2021

Environ�Health�Insights

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“…The mean effluent of Ammonium (NH 4 + ) concentration from Natural wetland (0.52 ± 0.59 mg/l) were found within the national (Ethiopian) effluent discharge to rivers which is (⩽1 mg/l) .However, the mean effluent in constructed wetland was above the standard discharge limit for rivers. The results show that the mean effluent (0.52 ± 0.59 mg/l ) of natural wetlands was lower (4.99 ± 0.36 ppm) than that reported by Mosissa et al 46 and reported by Bisekwa et al 47 with a mean of 5.55 ± 2.23 mg/l. This might be due to previous studies where wastewater effluents released without any treatment.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 49%

Treatment Performance Assessment of Natural and Constructed Wetlands on Wastewater From Kege Wet Coffee Processing Plant in Dale Woreda, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia

Berego

Sota

Ulsido

et al. 2022

Environ�Health�Insights

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Constructed wetlands are engineered systems built to use natural processes and remove pollutants from contaminated water in a more controlled environment. The research was an experimental research carried out to assess the effectiveness of natural and constructed wetland systems in the treatment of coffee wastewater. The 2 vertical flow constructed wetland was built. The first wetland covered an area of 132 m2. It has 12 m width and 11 m length. Open space is constructed between 2 constructed wetlands with a dimension of 11 m × 3 m × 1 m. The second wetland was constructed and its function is similar to the first one, from this wetland water is discharged to the river. The construction of the wetland is accomplished by constructing 20 cm wide furrows with a spacing of 30 cm. Vetiver grasses have planted with a spacing of 20 cm intervals. The physicochemical data were recorded, organized, and analyzed using R software (version 4.1) and Microsoft Excel. Data were processed using parametric (one-way ANOVA) and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney’s U test) statistical tests of homogeneity. One-way analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significance of differences in variations in physicochemical variables within the constructed wetland sites. Tukey’s multiple comparisons for differences between means were also assessed. Findings indicated that a natural wetland had a mean influent and effluent of total suspended solids (TSS) of 2190.78 ± 448.46 mg/l and 972.67 ± 234.312 mg/l, respectively. A Mann-Whitney U test revealed that TSS were significantly higher in natural wetland (median = 1551.50) compared to constructed wetland (median = 922.5), U = 676.5, z = −2.435, P = .015, r = .257. Natural wetlands had a mean influent of biological oxygen demand (BOD) was 4277.94 ± 157.02 mg/l, while in the effluent of BOD it was 326.83 ± 112.24 mg/l. While in constructed wetland it was 4192.4 ± 191.3 mg/l, 782.72 ± 507.6 mg/l, and 88.28 ± 20.08 mg/l in influent, middle, and effluent respectively. Average chemical oxygen demand (COD) value at influent in natural wetlands was 8085.61 ± 536.99 mg/l and in the effluent it was 675.33 ± 201.4 mg/l. In constructed wetland, it was found to be 8409.8 ± 592.9, 1372.6 ± 387.94, and 249.0 ± 7.68 for influent, middle, and effluent respectively. Comparatively, the purification efficiency of organic pollutants (TSS, BOD, and COD) of constructed wetlands was better than natural wetlands, whereas natural wetlands had better purification efficiency of nitrogen compounds such as ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate. On average, removal rates for nitrogen compounds were 39.53% and −24.41% for ammonium, 79.44% and 55.4% for nitrite, and 68.90% and 60.6% for nitrate in natural and constructed wetlands respectively, while the phosphate removal rate was 43.17% and 58.7% in natural and constructed wetlands, respectively. A Mann-Whitney U test revealed that there is no significance difference in nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate concentration between natural and constructed wetlands( P > .05). Based on these results, both systems of treatment were effective in treating the coffee effluent since most of the values obtained were below the permissible EEPA limits. Even though the constructed wetland treatment plant performed better overall, in comparison, the natural wetlands had better purification efficiency for nitrogen compounds like ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate and the constructed wetlands had better purification efficiency for organic pollutants (TSS, BOD, and COD).

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Environmental Flows Risk Assessment of Effluent Outfalls from Conventional Wet Washed Coffee Refineries in Limu Kosa District of Southwestern Ethiopia

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Wastewater Discharge From Coffee Processing Plant on River Water Quality, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia

Effect of Wastewater Discharge From Coffee Processing Plant on River Water Quality, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia

Treatment Performance Assessment of Natural and Constructed Wetlands on Wastewater From Kege Wet Coffee Processing Plant in Dale Woreda, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia

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