Environmental fatigue behavior of non‐crimp, E‐glass fiber reinforced polyester composites for marine applications

Altunsaray, Erkin; Neşer, Gökdeniz; Erbi̇l, Candan; Gürsel, K. Turgut; Ünsalan, Deniz

doi:10.1002/mawe.201200955

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Furthermore, fatigue lifetimes under a simulated marine environment for preconditioned-immersion for 30 days in a 3.5 wt% NaOH solution-non-crimp wound glass fibre-reinforced polyester composites were recorded to be significantly shortened. Still, the same failure mechanisms were detected for both dry specimens tested in air and preconditioned ones tested in artificial seawater-the S-N curves exhibited the same slope [103].…”

Section: Seawatersupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The effects of seawater on polyester-reinforced polymer composites have also been well established [102,103]. Reductions in fatigue performance were recorded and established to be exacerbated with increasing immersion times for randomly oriented short glass fibre-reinforced polyester composites immersed in natural seawater for 90, 180 and 270 days [102].…”

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 90%

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Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Barreira-Pinto,

Carneiro,

Miranda

et al. 2023

Materials

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Polymer-matrix composites are widely used in engineering applications. Yet, environmental factors impact their macroscale fatigue and creep performances significantly, owing to several mechanisms acting at the microstructure level. Herein, we analyse the effects of water uptake that are responsible for swelling and, over time and in enough quantity, for hydrolysis. Seawater, due to a combination of high salinity and pressures, low temperature and biotic media present, also contributes to the acceleration of fatigue and creep damage. Similarly, other liquid corrosive agents penetrate into cracks induced by cyclic loading and cause dissolution of the resin and breakage of interfacial bonds. UV radiation either increases the crosslinking density or scissions chains, embrittling the surface layer of a given matrix. Temperature cycles close to the glass transition damage the fibre–matrix interface, promoting microcracking and hindering fatigue and creep performance. The microbial and enzymatic degradation of biopolymers is also studied, with the former responsible for metabolising specific matrices and changing their microstructure and/or chemical composition. The impact of these environmental factors is detailed for epoxy, vinyl ester and polyester (thermoset); polypropylene, polyamide and poly etheretherketone (thermoplastic); and for poly lactic acid, thermoplastic starch and polyhydroxyalkanoates (biopolymers). Overall, the environmental factors mentioned hamper the fatigue and creep performances, altering the mechanical properties of the composite or causing stress concentrations through microcracks, promoting earlier failure. Future studies should focus on other matrices beyond epoxy as well as on the development of standardised testing methods.

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Section: Seawatersupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 90%

Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Barreira-Pinto,

Carneiro,

Miranda

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…The investigation reported that the synergistic effect of moisture and UV resulted in accelerated fatigue damage. Altunsaray et al [41] reported on the fatigue behaviors of fiber-reinforced plastic composites consisting of E-glass non-crimp reinforcements and polyester resin using the hand-layup technique. However, the report indicated that the fatigue behavior of the composites was not affected by the thickness or the direction of the material.…”

Section: Design Cascading Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution, Prospects, and Predicaments of Polymers in Marine Applications: A Potential Successor to Traditional Materials

Dhandapani,

Krishnasamy,

Thiagamani

et al. 2024

Recycling

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Polymers are ideal solutions for architects and constructors in the marine field who require materials that can achieve light and stable structures owing to their unique advantages. For instance, they possess a high strength-to-weight ratio, high wear resistance and fatigue strength, resistance to corrosion, ease of fabrication, and superior vibration damping behavior. These properties make polymers well suited for marine-based applications. However, polymers have their disadvantages, such as contributing to plastic pollution, which has a detrimental impact on the environment. In recent times, various concurrent methods have been employed to advance the future of polymers. This review explores (i) an overall view of polymers used in marine industries, (ii) a focus on reducing plastic wastage, (iii) challenges involved in recycling polymers and ensuring their sustainability, and (iv) the development of renewable plastics.

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“…The fatigue life of the samples completely immersed in seawater and one sided sample face exposed to sea water decreased by 85% and 50%, respectively, compared with the normal environment. Altunsaray 19 showed that the seawater environment reduced the fatigue life of the composite, but sample thickness and material direction had no significant effect on the fatigue behavior of materials. Some researchers have studied the hygroscopic mechanism of woven composites by establishing a water diffusion model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salt–fog spray environment on bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites

Zhao,

Chen,

Gao

2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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In this study, the effect of salt–fog spray corrosion environment on bending fatigue properties of three-dimensional (3D) woven composites was investigated. Three test environmental conditions, namely a normal environment, two cycles of salt–fog spray corrosion environment, and four cycles of salt–fog spray corrosion environment, were designed. In addition, the salt–fog spray corrosion mechanism, the bending fatigue properties, damage mechanisms, and failure modes of 3D woven composites were studied. The results showed that the bending strength and bending modulus decreased by 5.5 and 9.3%, and 2.27 and 3.45% after two and four salt–fog spray cycles, respectively, compared with that of the normal environment. The bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites were related to the applied stress and salt–fog spray cycles. The salt–fog spray environment was responsible for the degradation of the interface bonding strength. The maximum reduction ratio of bending fatigue life after salt–fog spray treatment exceeded 70%. The brittle fracture characteristics of 3D woven composite yarn were more pronounced with an increase in salt–fog spray aging cycles.

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Environmental fatigue behavior of non‐crimp, E‐glass fiber reinforced polyester composites for marine applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Polymer-Matrix Composites: Characterising the Impact of Environmental Factors on Their Lifetime

Evolution, Prospects, and Predicaments of Polymers in Marine Applications: A Potential Successor to Traditional Materials

Effect of salt–fog spray environment on bending fatigue properties of 3D woven composites

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