Environmental factors affect population structure of tree ferns in the Brazilian subtropical Atlantic Forest

Schwartz, Carlos Eduardo; Gasper, André Luís de

doi:10.1590/0102-33062019abb0338

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, it holds greater epiphytic abundance as this region is more likely to be colonized by epiphytes (Bittner & Trejos‐Zelaya, 1997; Gaxiola et al, 2008). We highlight that, despite some records of C. phalerata and A. setosa growing above 5 m, more than 75% of the individuals measured in the Atlantic rainforest were below 5 m high (Schwartz & Gasper, 2020), showing that our measured individuals—with 4 m high as an upper threshold—include mature individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Similar to epiphytic species, tree ferns (represented here by Cyatheaceae and Dicksoniaceae) are also important components of the Atlantic Forest, sometimes establishing monodominant communities (Schwartz & Gasper, 2020). Tree ferns have a caudex composed of a root mantle: a fibrous layer that provides them with arborescent characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neglected epiphytism: Accidental epiphytes dominate epiphytic communities on tree ferns in the Atlantic Forest

2021

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Vascular epiphytes and tree ferns constitute an important part of the Atlantic Forest structure. We characterized vascular epiphyte communities on two tree fern species (Alsophila setosa Kaulf. and Cyathea phalerata Mart.) including accidental epiphytes (i.e., species that are usually terrestrial, without necessarily completing their life cycle as an epiphyte), which have been overlooked in many previous studies. We aimed to understand epiphytism in terms of distribution, diversity, community composition, and host attributes that affect the richness and abundance of accidental epiphytes. Despite the great species richness of accidental epiphytes, they were—in contrast to true epiphytes—generally low in abundance and heavily represented by singletons and doubletons. We did not identify a difference in accidental epiphytic diversity and composition between host species, implying that both host species provide similar habitats for accidental epiphytes—although some epiphytic species showed a preference for a specific host species and/or stratum. Epiphyte richness and abundance were positively associated with a codependence of host surface area and moisture content, but only for accidental epiphytes. Our study illustrates the importance of two tree fern species as epiphyte hosts in the rainforest understory. It also shows that, although frequently overlooked, accidental epiphytism can be common in the understory of tropical forests and a phenomenon that merits further study in this region. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglected epiphytism: Accidental epiphytes dominate epiphytic communities on tree ferns in the Atlantic Forest

2021

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“…Cyathea phalerata was also highlighted to show high structural importance in an ecotone of MOF and DOF (Reginato & Goldenberg 2007). According to Schwartz & Gasper (2020), this species is widely distributed in the state of Santa Catarina in the DOF, in the MOF, and in areas close to the DOF. Ilex paraguariensis had the highest VI in the study by Roderjan (1994) in DOF at the same study area of the present study and a higher VI in MOF (Silva & Marconi 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicator species and characterization of the woody and herbaceous layer in an Atlantic Forest ecotone area at the Paraná portion of Serra do Mar

2023

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The study aimed to evaluate the degree of conservation, analyse the structural and floristic similarity of the woody and herbaceous layers of two ecotone forest communities and evaluate the indicator species of a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest (MOF) and Dense Ombrophilous Forest (DOF). We outlined 30 sampling units of 100 m2 in each area (West and East), where we measured three woody and one herbaceous layers. Each species was classified into ecological groups, phytogeographic distribution and conservation status. We selected other 13 studies performed on similar ecosystems to carry out cluster and indicator species analyses. We registered 213 species, arranged into 63 families. The richest families were Myrtaceae, Lauraceae and Fabaceae. In the woody layers Araucaria angustifolia, Allophylus edulis and Cupania vernalis highlighted in West area, while Casearia sylvestris, Cyathea phalerata and Ilex paraguariensis highlighted in East area. Ctenitis paranaensis predominates in herbaceous layer of both areas. Our cluster analysis has formed two groups (MOF; DOF), including both study areas in MOF group. The study areas are in a maturation process. Serra da Baitaca State Park presents high conservationist importance. We list indicator species of montane MOF and DOF forests in the Paraná State, which can be used for monitoring alterations in vegetation caused by environmental changes.

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“…Importance Value Index (IVI) is used to describe the level of occupancy of a species in the community, the greater IVI of species the greater level of occupancy in the community and vice versa (see Ismail et al 2017;Quaresma et al 2017;Schwartz and de Gasper 2020). Table 2 presents an IVI of each species growing on the tree fern C. junghuhniana.…”

Section: Community Structure Of Epiphytic Ferns Growing On Cyathea Ju...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Cyathea junghuhniana in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Indonesia

2021

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Abstract. Hasanah U, Hadisunarso, Praptosuwiryo TN. 2021. Composition, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Cyathea junghuhniana in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4968-4976. Epiphytic ferns are a significant component of tropical forests worldwide and contribute significantly to the high species diversity found in tropical regions. Tree ferns are important phorophytes for the establishment and occurrence of epiphytic fern species in tropical forests. The first detailed description of the diversity and abundance of epiphytic ferns on the tree fern Cyathea junghuhniana (Kunze) Copel. in a natural forest of Indonesia is provided. This study aimed to determine the species composition, richness, abundance, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns growing on the tree fern C. junghuhniana in the mountain forest of Gede-Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. The 35 tree fern caudices of at least 3 m height were selected by purposive random sampling. Each tree fern was divided into intervals of 1 meter from ground level to a height of three meters, thus obtaining 105 one-meter samples of the epiphytic fern community on tree fern caudices stratified according to height. The Importance Value Index (IVI) was estimated for each species of epiphyte based on the frequency of occurrence on caudices. The 35 tree fern caudices hosted 760 fern epiphytes belonging to 12 species of 9 genera and 6 families. The highest species richness occurred in Polypodiaceae. The species with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI = 1.24 %) was Nephrolepis davallioides (Sw.) Kunze, with increasing frequency from bottom to top of the caudex.

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Environmental factors affect population structure of tree ferns in the Brazilian subtropical Atlantic Forest

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Neglected epiphytism: Accidental epiphytes dominate epiphytic communities on tree ferns in the Atlantic Forest

Neglected epiphytism: Accidental epiphytes dominate epiphytic communities on tree ferns in the Atlantic Forest

Indicator species and characterization of the woody and herbaceous layer in an Atlantic Forest ecotone area at the Paraná portion of Serra do Mar

Composition, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Cyathea junghuhniana in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Indonesia

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