Environmental evaluation with greenhouse gas emissions and absorption based on life cycle assessment for a Jatropha cultivation system in frost- and drought-prone regions of Botswana

Ishimoto, Yasuko; Yabuta, Shin; Kgokong, Sylvia; Motsepe, Marea; Tominaga, Jun; Teramoto, Sayuri; Konaka, Takafumi; Mmopelwa, Gagoitseope; Kawamitsu, Yoshinobu; Akashi, Kinya; Ueno, Masaki

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.12.026

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The presented maps can be used as a background for further regional climate studies of Botswana. Usually based on processing a variety of thematic datasets, environmental and applied geological studies depict spatio-temporal trends in ecosystems related to the Earth's surface and processes using topographic, climate, and environmental datasets [121][122][123][124][125][126][127]. Practical application of the presented maps includes environmental assessment and agricultural analysis in Botswana, as it is strongly affected by climate variability and characteristics, such as periods of drought, extreme temperatures and vapour pressure, as well as seasonal changes in rainfalls [128][129][130][131].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Climate Parameters over the Territory of Botswana Using GMT and Gridded Surface Data from TerraClimate

Lemenkova

2022

IJGI

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This articles presents a new series of maps showing the climate and environmental variability of Botswana. Situated in southern Africa, Botswana has an arid to semi-arid climate, which significantly varies in its different regions: Kalahari Desert, Makgadikgadi Pan and Okavango Delta. While desert regions are prone to droughts and periods of extreme heat during the summer months, other regions experience heavy downpours, as well as episodic and unpredictable rains that affect agricultural activities. Such climatic variations affect social and economic aspects of life in Botswana. This study aimed to visualise the non-linear correlations between the topography and climate setting at the country’s scale. Variables included T °C min, T °C max, precipitation, soil moisture, evapotranspiration (PET and AET), downward surface shortwave radiation, vapour pressure and vapour pressure deficit (VPD), wind speed and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). The dataset was taken from the TerraClimate source and GEBCO for topographic mapping. The mapping approach included the use of Generic Mapping Tools (GMT), a console-based scripting toolset, which enables the use of a scripting method of automated mapping. Several GMT modules were used to derive a set of climate parameters for Botswana. The data were supplemented with the adjusted cartographic elements and inspected by the Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL). The PDSI in Botswana in 2018 shows stepwise variation with seven areas of drought: (1) −3.7 to −2.2. (extreme); (2) −2.2 to −0.8 (strong, southern Kalahari); (3) −0.8 to 0.7 (significant, central Kalahari; (4) 0.7 to 2.1 (moderate); (5) 2.1 to 3.5 (lesser); (6) 3.5 to 4.9 (low); (7) 4.9 to 6.4 (least). The VPD has a general trend towards the south-western region (Kalahari Desert, up to 3.3), while it is lower in the north-eastern region of Botswana (up to 1.4). Other values vary respectively, as demonstrated in the presented 12 maps of climate and environmental inventory in Botswana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Climate Parameters over the Territory of Botswana Using GMT and Gridded Surface Data from TerraClimate

Lemenkova

2022

IJGI

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“…It suggested Jatropha as a potential feedstock in this country [11,12]. Since then, various studies have been undertaken on the development and assessment of Jatropha bioenergy in Botswana, including cultivation management [13][14][15][16], plant physiology [17][18][19], the assessment and utilization of seed oils and non-oil biomass feedstock [20][21][22], and environmental and socio-economic impacts [12,14,23,24]. The research also revealed dozens of unique Jatropha accessions in the drought-and frost-prone regions of Botswana, among which several potentially superior genotypes with high yields, insect pest tolerance, and environmental adaptations have been nominated [13,15,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Analysis of Seed Chemical Diversity among Jatropha curcas in Botswana

et al. 2021

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Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) has been identified as a potential bioenergy feedstock in arid regions, but knowledge of the diversity of its chemical characteristics is limited. In this study, 61 Jatropha accessions growing in Botswana, where both severe drought and winter frosts frequently occur, were analyzed for their seed chemical properties. Histogram analyses and meta-analysis comparisons with seeds from other countries/continents showed that the median/mean dry seed weight, toxic compound phorbol esters, and C18:0 fatty acid levels in the Botswanan accessions were lower than those from other countries/continents. A clustered heat map analysis indicated five clades for the Botswanan accessions, and their physicochemical traits were also categorized into five groups. Many positive and negative correlations were observed among the chemical traits, including negative correlations between the C18:3 (linolenic acid) content and yield-related traits (lipid content and dry seed weight). Principal component analysis highlighted the existence of accessions with highly deviated seed chemical compositions, such as those enriched in C18:0/C18:1 and C16:0/C16:1/C18:3 fatty acids. Overall, the present study suggests considerable diversity in the seed chemical compositions of Botswanan Jatropha accessions. Various accessions could be useful as feedstock for specific industrial products, as well as for breeding materials for the fortification of specific chemical ingredients.

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“…Based on this observation Botswana government started a Jatropha plant research project in 2011. This was a collaborative effort between Japanese and Botswana governments [7]. This was considered vital because Botswana does not have sufficient petroleum deposits to satisfy her energy demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction of non - oil Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) biomass for solid fuel

Kethobile

Ketlogetswe

Gandure

2020

Heliyon

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The use of non-oil Jatropha biomass in the energy mix as a solid fuel offers the most effective ways of utilising such resource. However, available information indicates that biomass has negative inherent properties which lower its fuel value. This negative effect can be improved by slow pyrolysis process called torrefaction where the biomass is heated in the range of 200 °C to 300 °C. In the present investigation the effects of torrefaction temperature on the solid fuel value of different Jatropha biomass materials were determined. Consequently, three types of Jatropha biomass namely; seed cake, stem and fruit cover were considered under five temperature levels (200 °C, 225 °C, 250 °C, 275 °C, 300 °C). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed that there were significant differences (P > 0.05) in bulk density, hygroscopicity, energy content and ultimate etc. The statistical analysis results indicated that there was biomass type and torrefaction temperature interaction effects on the ultimate analysis, bulk density, hygroscopicity, energy content and energy yield. The interaction effects of the factors under investigation were not observed in mass yield. Increase in torrefaction temperature generally reduced the equilibrium moisture content and volatile matters across the biomass types. However fixed carbon, carbon content, ash content and energy density were increased across the biomass types as the temperature was increased from 200 °C to 300 °C. The torrefied Jatropha seed cake biomass showed relatively enhanced fuel characteristics than the torrefied stem and the torrefied fruit husk when considering the properties under investigation.

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Environmental evaluation with greenhouse gas emissions and absorption based on life cycle assessment for a Jatropha cultivation system in frost- and drought-prone regions of Botswana

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Mapping Climate Parameters over the Territory of Botswana Using GMT and Gridded Surface Data from TerraClimate

Mapping Climate Parameters over the Territory of Botswana Using GMT and Gridded Surface Data from TerraClimate

Multivariate Analysis of Seed Chemical Diversity among Jatropha curcas in Botswana

Torrefaction of non - oil Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) biomass for solid fuel

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