Environmental Durability of Reinforced Concrete Deck Girders Strengthened for Shear with Surface-Bonded Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer: Final Report

Pullout Behavior of Titanium Alloy Reinforcing Bars in Ultra-High Performance Concrete

“…This makes TiABs an expensive material compared to steel, stainless steel, aluminum, etc. Several research institutions have carried out studies of TiABs for concrete structures applications, for example, Idaho State University (mechanical properties testing of TiABs [9], bond testing and splicing of TiABs [10], bridge columns reinforced with TiABs [11], cap beam reinforced with TiABs [12]) and Oregon State University (retrofit square column with TiABs [13], retrofit deficient reinforced concrete girders [14]).…”

“…Although TiABs are more expensive compared to normal steel rebars, they offer two and a half times higher yield stress compared to grade 60 ksi steel rebars; this results in having less TiABs [15]. Past applications have shown that the use of TiABs provides higher strength and durability at a lower cost and less construction time [14,16]. The use of TiABs for retrofitting bridges offers cost savings for labor and materials, causes less traffic disruption, and provides a durable and accelerated retrofitting process that is competitive to other conventional materials over the service life of a structure.…”

Synthesis of Repair Materials and Methods for Reinforced Concrete and Prestressed Bridge Girders

“…For a complete discussion of implementation techniques of the main repair material, all the different repair techniques found in the literature are summarized and grouped in Figure 16 to indirectly rank which methods are more popular or common. The methods summarized in the figure along with the respective studies or references are: (1) discontinuous complete wrap with FRP strips [ 67 , 76 ]; (2) discontinuous FRP U-wraps with or without anchorage, vertical or oblique [ 3 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 28 , 47 , 51 , 62 , 64 , 66 , 73 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]; (3) continuous FRP U-wraps with or without anchorage [ 8 , 21 , 62 , 68 , 78 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 ]; (4) FRP side bonding [ 12 ,…”