Environmental diagnosis of landfills in Venezuela using EVIAVE methodology

Abstract

The lack of modern and realistic waste management policies in Venezuela has led to uncontrolled waste dumping at landfills. Such landfills generate serious problems because of their location, design, and exploitation. Given this adverse state of affairs, it seems surprising that so little effort has been made to carry out an environmental diagnosis of landfill sites. The few existing studies have merely made inventories of waste disposal sites, and have limited themselves to pointing out the obvious, namely, the negative impact of such installations on the environment without determining cause-effect relations and without developing tools for defining strategic actions to solve this problem. The study presented in this paper uses EVIAVE, a method of environmental diagnosis developed by researchers at the University of Granada, to diagnose landfills in Venezuela. It was necessary to modify EVIAVE in order to adapt the method to the legal system and social context in Venezuela. The data obtained, after applying methodology to 22 landfills in the country, include a series of environmental indexes (Environment Landfill Index, Environmental Risk Index, Environmental Value Index and Probability of Contamination Index) which allowed us to quantify the relation of landfill dynamics and its influence on various environmental elements. The results of the study confirm that EVIAVE can be successfully used as a planning tool for strategic actions that will reduce the environmental impact produced by indiscriminate waste disposal.

Application of a sustainable location index approach to landfill site selection in Monterrey, Mexico

“…The high potential impact to health (5.8% of the territory) is explained by the fast urbanization process and the industrialization level of the MAM. These results are in accord with other EVIAVE methodology implementation in LAC such as Venezuela ( Paolini et al, 2008 ) and Colombia ( Arrieta et al, 2016 ). The lack of areas classified as very high was due to the climatic conditions of aridness and the poor conditions of some environmental components such as atmosphere and soil.…”

“…Environmental value . The eV is a factor used to define quantitatively the characterictics of the environmental components in the potentional location of the landfill ( Paolini et al, 2008 ). Supplemental Table S18 shows a summary of the equations used to calculate the eV for each environmental component.…”