Environmental determinants of spatial and temporal variations in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive hosts

Afonso, Eve; Germain, Estelle; Poulle, Marie-Lazarine; Ruette, Sandrine; Devillard, Sébastien; Say, Ludovic; Villena, Isabelle; Aubert, Dominique; Gilot‐Fromont, Emmanuelle

doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.09.006

Cited by 67 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“… The dynamics of oocysts in the environment are influenced by seasonal precipitation, which affects the river flow that can deliver oocysts from the land to the water, including the ocean, leading to water-borne toxoplasmosis and high levels of coastal contamination with this protozoan parasite [ 25 , 39 , 40 ]. Climate may also affect the geographic distribution, population density and migration patterns of rodents, migratory birds and arthropods; animals that act as reservoir hosts or transport hosts and play an important role in the emergence, survival, distribution and transmission of T. gondii [ 41 – 45 ]. …”

Section: Environmental Factors Influence the Occurrence Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate may also affect the geographic distribution, population density and migration patterns of rodents, migratory birds and arthropods; animals that act as reservoir hosts or transport hosts and play an important role in the emergence, survival, distribution and transmission of T. gondii [ 41 – 45 ].…”

Section: Environmental Factors Influence the Occurrence Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study used logistic regression analysis to find a significant association between T. gondii seropositivity in sea otters and sampling areas with a maximal freshwater outflow along the coast, suggesting that freshwater runoff is an important vehicle to transmit T. gondii from the land to the marine ecosystem [ 58 , 59 ]. Furthermore, rain can help create a moist environment that allows for oocysts survival and increase the food availability to support high densities of hosts, including transport hosts [ 45 , 53 , 60 ]. Afonso et al .…”

Section: Environmental Factors Influence the Occurrence Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Impact of environmental factors on the emergence, transmission and distribution of Toxoplasma gondii

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that poses a great threat to human health and economic well-being worldwide. The effects of environmental factors such as changing climate and human activities on the ecology of this protozoan are being discovered. Accumulated evidence shows that changes of these environmental factors can exert influence on the occurrence, transmission and distribution of T. gondii. This article reviews studies from different geographical regions with varying climates, social cultures and animal welfare standards. It aims to illustrate how these environmental factors work, highlighting their importance in influencing the ecology of T. gondii, as well as providing clues which may contribute to preventing transmission of this important zoonotic pathogen.

show abstract

Section: Environmental Factors Influence the Occurrence Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Factors Influence the Occurrence Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Factors Influence the Occurrence Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of environmental factors on the emergence, transmission and distribution of Toxoplasma gondii

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diante desse fato, observa-se claramente que a interface entre área urbana, rural e floresta nesse município é bem próxima. Essa situação acaba facilitando a infecção pelo T. gondii, devido ao contato, cada vez mais comum, entre o homem e animais domésticos com ambientes possivelmente contaminados com oocistos do parasito excretados por felinos presentes nessas diferentes áreas 21,31,32,33 . Como agravante, há ainda a possibilidade de circulação de cepas virulentas, até então restritas ao ambiente silvestre, mas que, com essa proximidade, em especial entre felinos, podem se adaptar ou sofrer recombinações genéticas com aquelas já em circulação nos ambientes urbano e rural, aumentando o risco de emergência de cepas mais virulentas e, consequentemente, a ocorrência de formas severas da doença 6,22 .…”

Section: Variáveis Investigadasunclassified

Soroepidemiologia da infecção pelo Toxoplasma gondii no Município de Novo Repartimento, Estado do Pará, Brasil

Carmo¹,

Morais²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2016

Revista Pan-Amazônica de Saúde

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soroepidemiologia da infecção pelo Toxoplasma gondii no Município de Novo Repartimento, Estado do Pará, BrasilSeroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the City of Novo Repartimento, Pará State, Brazil Seroepidemiología de la infección por Toxoplasma gondii en el Municipio de Novo Repartimento, Estado de Pará, Brasil RESUMO Toxoplasmose é uma infecção zoonótica causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii, um protozoário de ocorrência mundial que pode infectar aves e mamíferos, incluindo humanos. A soroprevalência da infecção varia de acordo com a região, sendo considerada alta no Brasil. No Estado do Pará, a maioria dos estudos está restrita à área urbana da Cidade de Belém, onde os índices são superiores a 70%. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram estimar a soroprevalência em uma área rural do Estado e identificar os fatores de risco associados à infecção. Estudo descritivo e transversal foi conduzido na população do Município de Novo Repartimento, sudeste do Pará. Foram incluídos no estudo 427 indivíduos randomicamente escolhidos na demanda do laboratório de análises clínicas do Município. As amostras de soro foram analisadas por reação de imunofluorescência indireta para detecção de IgG e IgM anti-T. gondii. De cada indivíduo, foram obtidas informações sociodemográficas e epidemiológicas para avaliar as variáveis em relação à soropositividade. A soroprevalência observada para IgG foi de 81,26% e 0,70% para IgM. As variáveis estatisticamente associadas com a infecção pelo T. gondii foram o contato com gatos fora do domicílio e o consumo de carne de animais silvestres (caça). Os dados obtidos demonstram a alta soroprevalência de toxoplasmose em uma área rural do Estado do Pará, onde características associadas com hábitos alimentares e comportamentais da população local favorecem o desenvolvimento e a transmissão do T. gondii.

show abstract

“…Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are useful for the analysis of environmental factors related to the spatial distribution of infectious diseases (Meneguzzi et al, 2009;Silva et al, 2011;Djokič et al, 2014), and the risk maps emanating from this kind of investigation can be used to implement measures for the control and prevention of such diseases (Meneguzzi et al, 2009). However, the few existing studies on georeferencing of T. gondii infection are based on the results of serological tests in goats (Djokič et al, 2014), in cats (Afonso et al, 2013) and in otters (Chadwick et al, 2013). In this respect, mapping environmental contamination based on the isolation of T. gondii from free-range chickens in an endemic area may indicate sites, where the possibility of infection of humans and animals with this parasite is high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of the environmental contamination of Toxoplasma gondii by georeferencing isolates from chickens in an endemic area in Southeast Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Alves¹,

Amendoeira²,

Boechat³

et al. 2015

Geospat Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environmental contamination of Toxoplasma gondii in an endemic area in Brazil was mapped by georeferencing isolates from chickens in farms in the Southeast of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Tissue samples obtained from 153 adult chickens were analyzed by the mouse bioassay for T. gondii infection. These animals were reared free-range on 51 farms in the municipalities of Rio Bonito and Maricá. The ArcGIS kernel density estimator based on the frequency of T. gondii-positive chickens was used to map the environmental contamination with this parasite. A questionnaire was applied to obtain data on the presence and management of cats and the type of water consumed. Of the farms studied, 64.7% were found to be located in areas of low to medium presence of T. gondii, 27.5% in areas with a high or very high contamination level and 7.8% in non-contaminated areas. Additionally, 70.6% kept cats, 66.7% were near water sources and 45.0% were in or near dense vegetation. Humans used untreated water for drinking on 41.2% of the farms, while all animals were given untreated water. The intensity of environmental T. gondii contamination was significantly higher on farms situated at a distance >500 m from water sources (P=0.007) and near (≤500 m) dense vegetation (P=0.003). Taken together, the results indicate a high probability of T. gondii infection of humans and animals living on the farms studied. The kernel density estimator obtained based on the frequency of chickens testing positive for T. gondii in the mouse bioassay was useful to map environmental contamination with this parasite.

show abstract

Environmental determinants of spatial and temporal variations in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive hosts

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 67 publications

References 50 publications

Impact of environmental factors on the emergence, transmission and distribution of Toxoplasma gondii

Impact of environmental factors on the emergence, transmission and distribution of Toxoplasma gondii

Soroepidemiologia da infecção pelo Toxoplasma gondii no Município de Novo Repartimento, Estado do Pará, Brasil

Mapping of the environmental contamination of Toxoplasma gondii by georeferencing isolates from chickens in an endemic area in Southeast Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About