Environmental contamination of the SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare premises: An urgent call for protection for healthcare workers

Ye, Guangming; Lin, Hualiang; Chen, Liangjun; Wang, Shichan; Zeng, Zhikun; Wang, Wei; Zhang, Shiyu; Rebmann, Terri; Li, Yirong; Pan, Zhenyu; Yang, Zhonghua; Wang, Ying; Wang, Xinghuan; Qian, Zhengmin

doi:10.1101/2020.03.11.20034546

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It also stays on rough surfaces such as fabric and wood for up to 2 days (Chin et al 2020). Another investigation, which examined environmental levels of SARS-CoV-2 virus in hospital centers, found that the most important environmental levels of infection were self-service printers (20%) (used in Chinese laboratories), desktops, and keyboards (16.8%), door handles (16%), telephones (12.5%), and medical equipment (12.5%) (Ye et al 2020). Studies show that students touch their face with their hands an average of 23 times an hour.…”

Section: Inanimate Surface and Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of environmental factors to transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

2020

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The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 in more than 250 countries has become a serious threat to the health of people around the world. Human-to-human transmission of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurs most often when people are in the incubation stage of the disease or are carriers and have no symptoms. Therefore, in this study, was discussed the role of environmental factors and conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed as well as food, water and sewage, air, insects, inanimate surfaces, and hands in COVID-19 transmission. The results of studies on the stability of the SARS-CoV-2 on different levels showed that the resistance of this virus on smooth surfaces was higher than others. Temperature increase and sunlight can facilitate the destruction of SARS-COV-2 and the stability of it on surfaces. When the minimum ambient air temperature increases by 1 °C, the cumulative number of cases decreases by 0.86%. According to the latest evidence, the presence of coronavirus in the sewer has been confirmed, but there is no evidence that it is transmitted through sewage or contaminated drinking water. Also, SARS-COV-2 transmission through food, food packages, and food handlers has not been identified as a risk factor for the disease. According to the latest studies, the possibility of transmitting SARS-COV-2 bioaerosol through the air has been reported in the internal environment of ophthalmology. The results additionally show that infectious bio-aerosols can move up to 6 feet. There have been no reports of SARS-COV-2 transmission by blood-feeding arthropods such as mosquitoes.

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Section: Inanimate Surface and Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of environmental factors to transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

2020

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“…The second is through indirect contact with virus contaminated surfaces 6,7 , as following sneezing and coughing, the virus containing saliva droplets can spread 1-2 m and deposit on surfaces 8 . The virus can remain viable on surfaces between hours and days, depending on the inoculum shed and environmental conditions 9 .…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper-oxide impregnated respiratory masks may significantly reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 cross-contamination

Borkow

Lustiger

Melamed

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The use of protective respiratory face masks has been adopted universally as an important measure in the fight against COVID-19. Masks become contaminated by symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals and the virus can remain viable on the surface of the masks for several days. Although the regular respiratory face masks are single use disposable masks, these masks are being largely reused and not often discarded after use by the general population. Mask touching during use, reuse and disposal occurs frequently, and this can lead to increased risk of infection and further transmission. N95s and regular surgical masks were produced in which the external layers were made with nonwoven fabric impregnated with copper-oxide microparticles. The masks reduced the infectious titers of SARS-CoV-2 by more than 99.9% within 1 minute of contact, as determined by TCID50 assay and serial PCR assays. The use of masks capable of rendering the SARS-CoV-2 non-infectious within minutes, may significantly reduce the risk of viral transmission and infection.

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“…A study by Ye et al (2020) on the contamination levels of healthcare settings found that the most contaminated objects were self-service printers, desktop/keyboards, doorknobs, and hand sanitiser dispensers, all of which can be found in medical photography departments.…”

Section: Virus Survival Rates On Photographic Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%