Environmental Changes, Microbiota, and Allergic Diseases

Kim, Byoung Ju; Lee, So Yeon; Kim, Hyo Bin; Lee, Eun; Hong, Soo Jong

doi:10.4168/aair.2014.6.5.389

Cited by 64 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Different cells that play a role in the induction and maintenance of oral tolerance might be influenced by the presence of gut microbiota 56. It is well known that gut microbiota shape the intestinal immune system and impact barrier function 57.…”

Section: Role Of Microbiota In the Induction Of Oral Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Regulatory Cells in Oral Tolerance

Wawrzyniak

O’Mahony

Akdiş

2017

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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The immune system is continuously exposed to great amounts of different antigens from both food and intestinal microbes. Immune tolerance to these antigens is very important for intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis. Oral tolerance is a specific type of peripheral tolerance induced by exposure to antigen via the oral route. Investigations on the role of intestinal immune system in preventing hypersensitivity reactions to innocuous dietary and microbial antigens have been intensively performed during the last 2 decades. In this review article, we discuss how food allergens are recognized by the intestinal immune system and draw attention to the role of regulatory T (Treg) and B (Breg) cells in the establishment of oral tolerance and tolerogenic features of intestinal dendritic cells. We also emphasize the potential role of tonsils in oral tolerance induction because of their anatomical location, cellular composition, and possible usage to develop novel ways of specific immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic diseases.

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Section: Role Of Microbiota In the Induction Of Oral Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Regulatory Cells in Oral Tolerance

Wawrzyniak

O’Mahony

Akdiş

2017

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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“…The gut microbiota are known to participate in susceptibility to allergies 64, 65 , especially food allergens 66 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis and Its Effect on Neuropsychiatric Disorders With Suspected Immune Dysregulation

Petra

Panagiotidou

Hatziagelaki

et al. 2015

Clinical Therapeutics

493

315

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Purpose-Gut microbiota regulate intestinal function and health. However, mounting evidence indicates that they can also influence the immune and nervous systems and vice versa. Here we reviewed the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and the brain, termed microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, and we discuss how it contributes to the pathogenesis of certain disorders, that may involve brain inflammation.Methods-Articles were chosen from Medline since 1980 using the key words anxiety, attention-deficit hypersensitivity disorder (ADHD), autism, cytokines, depression, gut, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inflammation, immune system, microbiota, nervous system, neurologic, neurotransmitters, neuroimmune conditions, psychiatric, stress.Findings-Various afferent or efferent pathways are involved in the MGB axis. Antibiotics, environmental and infectious agents, intestinal neurotransmitters/neuromodulators, sensory vagal fibers, cytokines, essential metabolites, all convey information about the intestinal state to the CNS. Conversely, the HPA axis, the CNS regulatory areas of satiety and neuropeptides released from sensory nerve fibers affect the gut microbiota composition directly or through nutrient No. 6,624,148; 6,689,748; 6,984,667, and EPO 1365777, which cover methods and compositions of mast cell blockers, including flavonoids, as well as US patents No 7,906,153 and 8,268,365 for treatment of brain inflammation. Conflicts of interestsThe authors declare no conflicts. availability. Such interactions appear to influence the pathogenesis of a number of disorders in which inflammation is implicated such as mood disorder, autism-spectrum disorders (ASDs), attention-deficit hypersensitivity disorder (ADHD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and obesity. HHS Public AccessImplications-Recognition of the relationship between the MGB axis and the neuroimmune systems provides a novel approach for better understanding and management of these disorders. Appropriate preventive measures early in life or corrective measures such as use of psychobiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and flavonoids are discussed.

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“…Similar to many chronic inflammatory diseases, the pathogenesis of asthma mainly depends on genetic susceptibility and environmental factors 161718. Environmental changes are a major factor in the development of allergic diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles, a Key Mediator to Link Environmental Microbiota to Airway Immunity

Choi

Park

et al. 2017

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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Asthma is considered the hallmark of chronic airway inflammation, in which several inflammatory cells of the innate and adaptive immune system act together. The disease is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors; however, precise mechanisms for airway inflammation remain unclear. The human microbiota provides an increasingly favored explanation for inflammatory diseases; an altered microbiota composition has been shown to regulate immune responses. However, given the complexity of the microbiota, additional research is needed to elucidate its role in the development of disease. One of the candidate molecules that link microbiota to disease is the extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are secreted by diverse cell types and they possess the pathophysiological function of delivering signals between bacteria and host. We discuss the role of the microbiota in the development of asthma through releasing EVs.

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Environmental Changes, Microbiota, and Allergic Diseases

Cited by 64 publications

References 98 publications

Role of Regulatory Cells in Oral Tolerance

Role of Regulatory Cells in Oral Tolerance

Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis and Its Effect on Neuropsychiatric Disorders With Suspected Immune Dysregulation

Extracellular Vesicles, a Key Mediator to Link Environmental Microbiota to Airway Immunity

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