Environmental associations of<i>Hesperia dacotae</i>(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

Seidle, Kelsey M.; Lamb, Eric G.; Bedard‐Haughn, Angela; DeVink, Jean-Michel

doi:10.4039/tce.2018.33

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Occupancy analyses have only rarely been used for other butterfly species, most often single-season models where only site occupancy and detection probability are estimated (Puntenney and Schorr, 2016). However, logistic regression analyses where presence-absence is correlated with habitat and other covariates is a common butterfly research methodology (recent examples include Powniatowski et al, 2018;Seidel et al, 2018;Zhang and Miyashita, 2018). In these types of analyses, the detection process is ignored and the focus is on the occupancy process and associated correlates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Monarch Site Occupancy and Dynamics in Iowa

et al. 2019

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The monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) is the focus of large-scale habitat restoration efforts because of recent population declines. From 2006-2017 we monitored monarchs at >400 sites throughout Iowa to link site occupancy and colonization/extinction dynamics to the presence of milkweed, site-specific habitat metrics, and landscape context at differing spatial scales. We used a robust design occupancy model in Program MARK and a hierarchical model selection approach to estimate site occupancy, extinction and colonization probabilities, and detection probability. Occupancy models revealed that monarchs responded differently to landscape features, environmental conditions, and local habitat conditions for site occupancy, extinction, and colonization probabilities. For site occupancy, the mean patch size of grassland at the 1-km spatial scale had a positive effect (β GrassPS1K = 0.94, SE = 0.54) while the percent of the landscape in woodland at the 200-m spatial scale had a negative effect (β WoodPL200 = −1.68, SE = 0.34). For extinction, there were additive effects of the percent of the landscape in woodland at the 100-m spatial scale (β WoodPLAND100 = 2.70, SE = 0.63), the interspersion of grassland at the 1-km spatial scale (β GrassIJI1K = −2.30, SE = 0.63), and litter depth (β Litter = 0.46, SE = 0.13). Finally, there were negative effects of the percent of the landscape in woodland at the 200-m spatial scale (β WoodPLAND200 = −4.67, SE = 1.37) and the interspersion of grassland at the 100-m spatial scale (β GrassPS1K = −2.02, SE = 0.70) on colonization probability. Detection probability was affected by the additive effects of canopy cover and monarch density; no other detection model was competitive. In the top model there was a positive effect of monarch density (β Density = 0.28, SE = 0.05) and a negative effect of canopy cover (β Canopy = −0.18, SE = 0.03) on detection probability. In Iowa, monarchs are widespread on conservation lands where they avoid sites with lots of canopy cover. Colonization and extinction processes are influenced by an interplay of landscape attributes across multiple spatial scales and site habitat attributes. Our study provides the first comprehensive insight into monarch use of conservation lands in Iowa, and predicted responses to important covariates may be useful for future conservation efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Monarch Site Occupancy and Dynamics in Iowa

et al. 2019

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“…Dakota skipper requires permanent grassland vegetation cover such as native or tame perennial grassland (Dana 1991; Royer et al 2008;Seidle et al 2018), therefore we first identified and separated native prairie, tame, and hay land cover from other land uses. Tame grassland that contains few native species is likely very poor habitat relative to native grassland, however, separating types of perennial grassland is error prone and beyond the scope of our study.…”

Section: Identification Of Perennial Land Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These surveys used consistent methods including standardized search areas and search times, and thus negative surveys can be used to classify an unoccupied site. These survey methods are detailed in (Seidle et al 2018). In the event that a site was surveyed multiple times, only one confirmed Dakota skipper observation was required to document the site as positive for occupancy, as one observation is enough to assume the corresponding habitat supported a population (Binzenhöfer et al 2005).…”

Section: Dakota Skipper Observation Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, Dana (1991) suggested that less than 2% of original Dakota skipper habitat remained. The Dakota skipper in Saskatchewan is restricted to prairie remnants that are characterized by the presence of the plant species such as Pediomelum argophyllum (Fabaceae), Zizia aptera (Apiaceae), and Schizachyrium scoparium (Poaceae) and steep landscape slopes characterized by relatively warm maximum and average daily groundlevel temperatures (Seidle et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that a number of soil and temperature factors that distinguish Dakota skipper occupied from unoccupied sites (Seidle 2018), our objective was therefore to use climate and soil parameters to develop a Dakota skipper species distribution model for the range-edge populations in southeastern Saskatchewan. This area likely supports many unidentified subpopulations (Seidle et al 2018), thus a distribution model is needed to target surveys for unknown populations in the areas of highest potential, provide estimates of available habitat, identify potential reintroduction sites, and guide the selection of locations for conservation and management (Environment Canada 2007;Heikkinen et al 2007;Maes et al 2019). Further, this region and is a potential source for climate-change driven range expansion north and west into currently unoccupied but intact grasslands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extent of Dakota skipper, Hesperia dacotae, distribution in Southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

et al. 2020

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The Dakota skipper, Hesperia dacotae, (Hesperiidae) is an at-risk Lepidoptera species, limited in Canada to native mesic mixed-grass prairie habitat in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Due to declines in the native mesic mixed-grass prairie the Dakota skipper population is threatened by loss of habitat. Currently, there is little knowledge about Dakota skipper and the availability and distribution of suitable habitat within Saskatchewan. Our objective was to map potential Dakota skipper habitat using a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) based species distribution model with climate, soil, and landscape predictor variables. Potential Dakota skipper habitat was found broadly in the mesic mixed-grass prairie region, however there is only ~217 km 2 of potential habitat (probability of occurrence 0.7-1). Locations with high probability of occurrence had soils with a significantly higher soil ammonium (NH + 4) and silt content than low probability locations. While the Dakota skipper is broadly distributed in native mesic mixed-grass prairie of southeastern Saskatchewan, environmental constraints likely restrict this species to a limited proportion of the intact native prairie. Implications for insect conservation: Mapping landscape-level species distributions will assist in the development of conservation and management plans for the Dakota skipper in southeastern Saskatchewan including targeted surveys for unknown populations in areas of high potential, identification of potential reintroduction sites, and selection of lands for conservation.

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Widespread annual occurrence of pesticides within designated critical habitats for endangered prairie butterflies

Runquist,

Nordmeyer,

Stapleton

2024

J Insect Conserv

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Insect declines have become pronounced in prairie ecosystems, particularly in areas of agricultural intensification. Non-target pesticide exposure has been raised as a key concern for prairie remnant health. Over seven years, we screened grass and soil samples for the presence and quantities of hundreds of pesticides from five prairies in Minnesota and South Dakota that are designated as Critical Habitat for two globally endangered butterflies: Poweshiek skipperling and Dakota skipper. We documented dozens of pesticides across all sites and years on their larval host grasses. Interiors of prairies were not less likely to have detectable pesticides than along prairie-agriculture edges. Broad-spectrum organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides were common in late season. Chlorpyrifos quantities were higher at sites where both endangered species have been extirpated. Neonicotinoid insecticides, which have been frequently attributed to declines in insect pollinators, did not present a significant exposure signal in these prairie habitats. Few pesticides were detected in soil or early season grass samples. The prevalence and quantities of pesticides we observed are likely underestimates, and additional research is needed on the landscape of risk at small and large scales. Implications for Conservation: Protected prairies are not immune to the risk of pesticide exposure, which may impact efforts to re-establish lost populations of imperiled prairie insects, including endangered butterflies.

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Environmental associations ofHesperia dacotae(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Patterns of Monarch Site Occupancy and Dynamics in Iowa

Patterns of Monarch Site Occupancy and Dynamics in Iowa

Extent of Dakota skipper, Hesperia dacotae, distribution in Southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

Widespread annual occurrence of pesticides within designated critical habitats for endangered prairie butterflies

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