Environmental and Hormonal Control of Dormancy in Terminal Buds of Plants

Noodén, Larry D.; Weber, J.A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-177050-1.50010-9

Cited by 50 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 206 publications

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“…In many woody plants, induction of dormancy and development of cold hardiness are initiated or accelerated by an SD photoperiod (Weiser, 1970;Vince-Prue, 1975;Nooden and Weber, 1978;Coleman et al, 1991). The possibility that genes encoding the chilling-responsive polypeptides identified in bluebeny floral buds may be responsive also to short days cannot be absolutely ruled out at present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Dehydrin-Like Proteins Responsive to Chilling in Floral Buds of Blueberry (Vaccinium, section Cyanococcus)

1994

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l h e level of three major polypeptides of 65, 60, and 14 kD increased in response to chilling unit accumulation in floral buds of a woody perennial, blueberry (Vaccinium, section Cyanococcus). The level of the polypeptides increased most dramatically within 300 h of chilling and decreased to the prechilling level with the initiation of budbreak. Cold-hardiness levels were assessed for dormant buds of Vaccinium corymbosum and Vaccinium ashei after different chilling treatments until the resumption of growth. lhese levels coincided with the level of the chilling-responsive polypeptides. Like some other previously described cold-induced proteins in annual plants, the level of the chilling-induced polypeptides also increased in leaves in response to cold treatment; the chilling-induced polypeptides were heat stable, resisting aggregation after incubation at 95°C for 15 min. By fradionating bud proteins first by isoelectric point (pl) and then by molecular mass, the p l values of the 65-and 60-kD polypeptides were found to be 7.5 to 8.0 and the p l value of the 14-kD polypeptide was judged to be 8.5. Purification of the 65-and 60-kD polypeptides, followed by digestion with endoproteinase Lys-C and sequencing of seleded fragments, revealed similarities in amino acid composition between the 65-and 60-kD polypeptides and dehydrins. Indeed, antiserum to the lysine-rich consensus sequence EKKCIMDKIKEKLPC of dehydrin proteins cross-reacted to all three of the major chillingresponsive polypeptides of blueberry, identifying these as dehydrins or dehydrin-like proteins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Dehydrin-Like Proteins Responsive to Chilling in Floral Buds of Blueberry (Vaccinium, section Cyanococcus)

1994

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“…Examples of dormancy can be found in nearly a11 meristematic organs, including seeds, apical and lateral vegetative and floral buds, bulbs, corms, and tubers (Nooden and Weber, 1978;Saunders, 1978). Because of its basic and applied importance, the regulation of dormancy has attracted considerable interest.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Because of its basic and applied importance, the regulation of dormancy has attracted considerable interest. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the regulation of meristematic activity during dormancy (Rappaport and Wolf, 1968;Nooden and Weber, 1978). However, as with many other aspects of developmental regulation, the role(s) of endogenous hormones has attracted the greatest attention (Rappaport and Wolf, 1968;Saunders, 1978).…”

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Role of Endogenous Abscisic Acid in Potato Microtuber Dormancy

Suttle

Hultstrand

1994

Plant Physiol.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Russet Burbank) microtubers generated in vitro from single-node explants contained substantial amounts (approximately 250 pmol/g fresh weight) of free abscisic acid (ABA) and were completely dormant for a minimum of 12 weeks. Microtubers that developed in the presence of 10 NM fluridone (FLD) contained considerably reduced amounts (approximately 5-25 pmol/g fresh weight) of free ABA and exhibited a precocious loss of dormancy. lnclusion of exogenous racemic ABA in the FLD-containing medium suppressed the premature sprouting of these microtubers in a dose-dependent manner. At a concentration of 50 p~, exogenous ABA restored internal ABA levels to control values and completely inhibited FLD-induced precocious sprouting. Exogenous jasmonic acid was ineffective in suppressing FLD-induced sprouting. Application of FLD to preformed, fully dormant microtubers also resulted in a reduction in internal ABA content and precocious sprouting. These results indicate that endogenous ABA is essential for the induction and maintenance of potato microtuber dormancy.

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“…One of the characteristics of dormancy is the arrested development of buds (1,9). Moreover, in cortical parenchyma cells of living poplar (Populus euramericana) bark, the formation of plastid initials is initiated soon after the breaking of dormancy.…”

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A Cold Environment Is a Prerequisite for Formation of “Plastid Initials” in Winter Buds of Poplar

Sagisaka¹

1992

Plant Physiol.

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The "plastid initial,' the presumed precursor of eoplasts and proplastids, is present in the cells of the apical meristem of winter buds of poplar (Populus euramericana). The formation of the plastid initial in the cells of winter buds is initiated soon after the breaking of the innate or resting stage of dormancy, even in winter under nongrowing conditions in mid-January or early February. From this stage to March, the conglomeration of the plastid initial and the formation of prolamellar bodies is evident. In contrast to the poplar samples kept outdoors, the cells of the apical meristem of the indoor winter buds did not show any indication of the formation of the plastid initial and the buds of the latter sample did not flush even at the end of May. These results suggest that the sequence of reactions involved in the onset of regrowth may be closely related to the formation of the plastid initial.Recent studies have shown that the 'plastid initial,' the presumed precursor of eoplasts and proplastids (3,8), is present in cortical parenchyma cells of perennials and that the formation of these new bodies occurs only at stages that follow the breaking of the innate (or resting) stage of dormancy, even in winter under nongrowing conditions. Their formation seems to be a reflection of cytological events associated with the onset of regrowth. The hypothesis that the 'plastid initial' occurs in a free state in the parenchyma cell is supported by the results of studies of serial sections (3) and their isolation from a cell lysate (S. Sagisaka, unpublished data).Ultrastructural studies showed that in size, the plastid initials resemble mitochondria, and the stroma is similar in appearance to the stroma of preexisting plastids, although no lamellar structures are visible (3,8).One of the characteristics of dormancy is the arrested development of buds (1, 9). Moreover, in cortical parenchyma cells of living poplar (Populus euramericana) bark, the formation of plastid initials is initiated soon after the breaking of dormancy. Therefore, we have studied in further detail the relationship between a requirement for a cold environment and the formation of plastid initials in winter buds of poplar. Our results showing that a cold environment is a prerequisite for formation of the plastid initials are presented in this report.

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Environmental and Hormonal Control of Dormancy in Terminal Buds of Plants

Cited by 50 publications

References 206 publications

Identification of Dehydrin-Like Proteins Responsive to Chilling in Floral Buds of Blueberry (Vaccinium, section Cyanococcus)

Identification of Dehydrin-Like Proteins Responsive to Chilling in Floral Buds of Blueberry (Vaccinium, section Cyanococcus)

Role of Endogenous Abscisic Acid in Potato Microtuber Dormancy

A Cold Environment Is a Prerequisite for Formation of “Plastid Initials” in Winter Buds of Poplar

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