Environment friendly agar and alginate-based thiram delivery system

Singh, Baljit; Sharma, Deepti; Dhiman, Abhishek

doi:10.1080/02772248.2013.801976

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, it has been found that the cumulative release of atrazine was higher than thiram from the agar alginate beads. 29,30 It has also been observed that presence or absence of an entrapped molecule affects swelling of sodium alginate beads 31,32 Similarly, atrazine has shown its effect in case of agar-Ca 2+ -alginate beads.…”

Section: Effect Of Cross Linker On Release Of Atrazine From Agar-ca 2+ -Alginate Beadsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Design of atrazine containing polysaccharide based slow release formulations to control environmental hazards

Singh¹,

Sharma²,

Dhiman³

2017

Prayogik Rasayan

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Atrazine is more reliable, flexible, effective and less expensive herbicide than any other available weed control approaches. However, easy leaching of atrazine is a matter of great environmental and health concern which limits its strong recommendation for practical applicability. Hence, controlled release formulations of atrazine, specially based on natural polysaccharide, are required for delivery and resolve the problems associated with conventional formulations. In the present work, slow release atrazine containing alginate-agar based bead formulations have been prepared and characterized by scanning electron micrography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and swelling studies. The release of atrazine from the beads occurred through non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. The release of atrazine from the beads in the soil has been observed slower and lesser in soil as compared to the in vitro release. Besides providing the slow release of atrazine, these formulations after degradation may enhance the fertility of the soil.

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Section: Effect Of Cross Linker On Release Of Atrazine From Agar-ca 2+ -Alginate Beadsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Design of atrazine containing polysaccharide based slow release formulations to control environmental hazards

Singh¹,

Sharma²,

Dhiman³

2017

Prayogik Rasayan

Self Cite

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“…3), obtained from brown macroalgae, is a linear polysaccharide composed of 1-4 bonds of β-D-manuronic acid (M) and α-L-guluronic acid (G), with variations in the composition and sequential structure along the chain (Zhang and Zhao 2007;Lertsutthiwong et al 2008). The polysaccharide can be used for the sustained release of agrochemicals after passing through an ionotropic gellification process employing metal ions (Fernández-Pérez 2007;Singh et al 2013;Wlodarczyk and Siwek 2013).…”

Section: Alginatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Addition of the starch into the alginate bead formulations has improved the size, shape, and swelling of the alginate beads (Kim et al 2005). Recently, Singh and coworkers (Singh et al 2008(Singh et al , 2009a(Singh et al , b, c, 2010a(Singh et al , b, 2013 have prepared the polysaccharide-based pesticide delivery formulations based on, alginate, agar, starch, and neem leaf powder. These beads were prepared with ionotropic gelation of these polysaccharides with metal ions (Ca +2 , Ba +2 and Al…”

Section: Fernándezmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides as safer release systems for agrochemicals

Campos

Oliveira

Fraceto

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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281

175

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Agrochemicals are used to improve the production of crops. Conventional formulations of agrochemicals can contaminate the environment, in particular in the case of intensive cropping. Hence, there is a need for controlledrelease formulations of agrochemicals such as polysaccharides to reduce pollution and health hazards. Natural polysaccharides are hydrophilic, biodegradable polymers. This article reviews the use of polysaccharides in the form of micro-and nanoparticles, beads and hydrogels. The main points are: (1) slow release formulations minimize environmental impact by reducing agrochemical leaching, volatilization and degradation. For example, 50 % of the encapsulated insecticide chlorpyrifos is released in 5 days, whereas free chlorpyrifos is released in 1 day. (2) Slow release formulations increase the water-holding capacity of soil. (3) Slow release formulations better control weeds in the long run. (4) Polymer-clay formulations store ionic plant nutrients. (5) Polymer hydrogel formulations reduce compaction, erosion, and water run-off. They increase soil permeability and aeration, infiltration rates, and microbial activity, and, in turn, plant performance. In conclusion, polysaccharide formulations can be used for safer use of agrochemicals.

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“…In order to counteract these environmentally hazardous scenarios, the agrochemicals industry has been impelled to innovate in the formulation of its products 14 . Common strategies to develop eco-friendlier PPP formulations include (i) the use of natural products or greener equivalents in PPP formulations 15 , 16 ; (ii) the improvement of PPP application techniques and target delivery 17 – 20 ; (iii) and the combination of already licensed active substances (a.s.) 21 , based on a putative synergic behavior that intends the use of lower a.s. quantities with the same levels of efficacy against the target. This latter solution is often used also to improve the control of a broader range of weeds 22 but the success of such an approach is controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This commercial herbicide is the 2-way formulation Winner Top® (Selectis®, Portugal), with nicosulfuron and terbuthylazine as a.s. plus undisclosed formulants 20 , 30 , applied in crops to control weeds such as Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus spp. Its action is systemic and residual following a single application per year, the effects in target weeds being perceptible 7–10 days after the application through a visible weeds control 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixture toxicity assisting the design of eco-friendlier plant protection products: a case-study using a commercial herbicide combining nicosulfuron and terbuthylazine

Queirós¹,

Vidal²,

Nogueira³

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The development of environmentally friendly plant protection products (PPPs), including pesticides, is a challenge nowadays. A commercial herbicide combining terbuthylazine and nicosulfuron as active substances (a.s.) was selected as a model PPP. The suitability of manipulating the ratio between a.s. towards alternative formulations with reduced impacts in a non-target indicator (Lemna minor) was assessed. The efficacy of such eco-friendlier a.s. ratios was then assessed using a target weed, Portulaca oleracea. Single and mixture toxicity testing with L. minor revealed an antagonistic joint action of the a.s., suggesting an environmentally protective effect of the combination compared to single dosing of a.s. The efficacy testing against the target weed of single and combined treatments of the a.s. showed that (i) the a.s. behave antagonistically throughout the whole P. oleracea response surface; (ii) there were no environmentally safe a.s. combinations ensuring target-efficacy; (iii) terbuthylazine alone was effective in controlling P. oleracea with no environmental hazardous potential, dosed at concentrations 10-fold lower than those involved in commercially recommended application doses. Overall, this case-study suggests that modelling tools widely used in the field of environmental risk assessment of PPPs may also have application in PPP design stages for a more efficient meeting of efficacy and environmental friendliness requirements.

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Environment friendly agar and alginate-based thiram delivery system

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Design of atrazine containing polysaccharide based slow release formulations to control environmental hazards

Design of atrazine containing polysaccharide based slow release formulations to control environmental hazards

Polysaccharides as safer release systems for agrochemicals

Mixture toxicity assisting the design of eco-friendlier plant protection products: a case-study using a commercial herbicide combining nicosulfuron and terbuthylazine

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