Envirocat EPZG and natural clay as efficient catalysts for transesterification of β-keto esters

Intrinsic catalytic properties of extruded clay honeycomb monolith toward complete oxidation of air pollutants

“…Of interest, the presence of suitable Brønsted and Lewis acid sites is known asa prevailing parameter governing the catalytic performance of clays toward the deep oxidation of VOCs [22]. Sofar,it is believed that Brønsted acidity (proton donor) is mainly deriving from the clay structural hydroxyl groups, while Lewis acidity (electron pair acceptor) is attributed to the aluminum (Al 3+ ) and iron (Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ) species located in the octahedral layer and at broken edges [23,24]. Generally, both Brønsted and Lewis acid sites are common, whereas one of them might be dominant and/or catalytically beneficial [25].…”

Catalysis by phosphates: A simple and efficient procedure for transesterification reaction

“…In this regard, various catalysts have been recently reported to effect this reaction as indium triiodide [23], diphenylammonium triflate [24], amberlyst-15 [25] yttria-zirconia [26] Mo-ZrO 2 [27], lithium perchlorate [28], polymer-supported lipase [29], envirocat EPZG [30], hydrotalcite [31], clays [32] and zeolites [33]. Some of these catalysts are difficult to prepare and toxic.…”

Fluoroalkyldistannoxane Catalysts for Transesterification in Fluorous Biphase Technology

“…[33] Transesterification in Single Fluorous Phase System (Table 1, Entry 1) A test tube (50 mL) charged with ethyl 3-phenylpropionate (178 mg, 1.0 mmol), benzyl alcohol (108 mg, 1.0 mmol), 1aa (86 mg, 0.05 mmol, 5 mol %) and FC-72 (5.0 mL) was placed in a stainless pressure bottle and heated at 150 8C for 16 h. After having been cooled, toluene (5.0 mL) was added to the reaction mixture. The toluene and FC-72 layers were separated and the latter layer was washed with toluene (1.0 mL Â 2).…”