Catalysis by phosphates: A simple and efficient procedure for transesterification reaction

Phosphates: New Generation of Liquid-Phase Heterogeneous Catalysts in Organic Chemistry

“…Transesterification of methyl benzoate 34 with various alcohols was catalyzed by NP alone [134], doped with KF and ZnCl 2 and modified with sodium nitrate (Scheme 57) with or without solvent in heterogeneous media. Molar ratio of alcohol/ester, solvent effect and weight of catalyst effect have been studied [135]. We have found that the nature of alcohol and the reaction temperature play an important role in the transesterification process.…”

A study on the potential application of natural phosphate in photocatalytic processes

“…Some examples include Michael-addition [4], Knoevenagel [5] and Claysen-Schmidt [6,7] condensations, Diels-Alder reaction [8], Beckmann rearrangement [9,10] or transesterifications [11].…”

Natural phosphate-supported Cu(ii), an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of xanthene and 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives

“…3,4 To signicantly enhance the catalytic activity, a support is added to the reaction system; that is, the intimate contact between the supported ions and the support surface can favorably affect the reaction process. 5 Over the past decade, considerable attention has been given to recycling catalysts and heterogeneous metal-based systems, 6 including homogenous metal complexes or noble metals (e.g., Pt, Pd, Au, Ag, Ru, Cu) on inorganic substances (e.g., metal oxides, silica, clay, alumina, carbon) catalysts. [7][8][9] These exhibit high catalytic activities in a wide range of chemical reactions, for instance, in synthesizing aromatic nitriles from aromatic aldehydes, 10 CO oxidation, 11 carbon dioxide reduction, 12 asymmetric addition of aryl boronic acids to a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, 13 and hydrogenation of CO 2 .…”