Enthalpic interaction promotes the stability of high elastic Cu-Ni-Sn alloys

The Effect Addition of (Silicon and Silver) and Heat Treatments to the Alloy Properties (Copper - Nickel - Tin)

“…Figs. (7,8,9) give the alloy microstructures for some cases of aging. In all alloys after the time period to reach the top of the hardness, we notice minute deposits through the floor, and notice the structural changes in the time period prior to reaching the top, which are so precise that they can only be distinguished by electron microscopes with high magnification and analysis power, but from the optical microscope we see in the base alloy Roughing (amplification) of the particles after long aging periods (hyper aging) and as a result of low hardness.…”

“…As for the typical composition of the alternative alloy, it is (Cu -9% Ni -6% Sn), which improved the yield strength from (700 MPa) to (1400 MPa) by using (Thermal mechanical treatments) compared with the values of the yield strength of the alloy (Cu -Be), whose values improved from (700 MPa) when solidified by precipitation to (1250 MPa) after performing a heatmechanical treatment [8][9][10]. Accordingly, the alloy (Cu -Ni -Sn) is a successful alternative to alloys (Cu-Be) annealed by precipitation [11][12][13].…”

First-Principles Calculations of Structural and Mechanical Properties of Cu–Ni Alloys

“…It can be seen that the first-principles calculation is one of the most important tools to compute mechanical properties, aiming to improve stiffness. Cu-Ni-based alloys have high elasticity and high electrical conductivity [14][15][16], with the addition of Co improving the conductivity [14] and the addition of Sn enhancing the mechanical stability of alloys [15,16]. The high stiffness and corrosion protection found in experiments with Cu-Ni alloys has brought them wide attention.…”