Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov., a new species found in clinical specimens, and reassignment of Erwinia dissolvens and Erwinia nimipressuralis to the genus Enterobacter as Enterobacter dissolvens comb. nov. and Enterobacter nimipressuralis comb. nov

Abstract

Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. is a new species that was formerly referred to as Enteric Group 17 and that consists of 71 strains, 70 of which were isolated from humans. Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. strains gave positive reactions in tests for methyl red, citrate utilization (Simmons and Christensen's), urea hydrolysis, L-ornithine decarboxylase, growth in KCN, acid and gas production from D-glucose, and acid production from L-arabinose, cellobiose, glycerol (negative in 1 to 2 days, positive in 3 to 7 days), lactose, D-mannitol, a-methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, D-sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, and D-xylose. They gave negative reactions in the Voges-Proskauer test and in tests for indole, H2S production, phenylalanine, L-lysine decarboxylase, motility, gelatin, utilization of malonate, lipase, DNase, tyrosine clearing, acid production from adonitol, D-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, i(myo)-inositol, melibiose, and L-rhamnose. They gave variable reactions in tests for L-arginine dihydrolase (25% positive after 2 days) and acid production from raffinose (69% positive after 2 days). Thirty-four Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. strains were tested for DNA relatedness by the hydroxyapatite method with 32P04-labeled DNA from the designated type strain (1497-78, ATCC 35953). The strains were 69 to 100% related in 60°C reactions and 63 to 100% related in 75°C reactions. Divergence within related sequences was 0 to 2.5%. Relatedness of Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. to 84 strains of members of the Enterobacteriaceae was 5 to 63%, with closest relatedness to strains of Enterobacter cloacae, Erwinia dissolvens, Enterobacter taylorae, Enterobacter agglomerans, Erwinia nimipressuralis, and Enterobacter gergoviae. All strains tested were susceptible to gentamicin and sulfadiazine, and most were susceptible to chloramphenicol, colistin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, carbenicillin, and streptomycin. All strains were resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, and penicillin, and most were resistant or moderately resistant to tetracycline. Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. strains were isolated from a variety of human sources, most prevalent of which were urine (16 strains), respiratory sources (15 strains), stools (12 strains), wounds (11 strains), and blood (7 strains). The clinical significance of Enterobacter asburiae is not known. As a result of this and previous studies, proposals are made to transfer Erwinia dissolvens and Erwinia nimipressuralis to the genus Enterobacter as Enterobacter dissolvens comb. nov. and Enterobacter nimipressuralis comb. nov., respectively. * Corresponding author. dissolvens and Enterobacter nimipressuralis, respectively. These new combinations are used in the remainder of this paper. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial strains. There are 71 Enterobacter asburiae sp. nov. strains in the CDC collection (Table 1). Ail strains were

Biochemical Identification of Citrobacter Species Defined by DNA Hybridization and Description of Citrobacter gillenii sp. nov. (Formerly Citrobacter Genomospecies 10) and Citrobacter murliniae sp. nov. (Formerly Citrobacter Genomospecies 11)

“…N.L. gen. n. murliniae, to honor Alma C. McWhorter-Murlin, an American microbiologist, who, during her 39-year career at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, made substantial contributions to our knowledge of Salmonella serotyping and Citrobacter and to the taxonomy of a number of species in the family Enterobacteriaceae [3,4,9,10]). Formerly called Citrobacter genomospecies 11.…”

Cloning and characterization of short‐chain N‐acyl homoserine lactone‐producing Enterobacter asburiae strain L1 from lettuce leaves

“…This isolate was found to secrete N-butanoyl homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) and N-hexanoyl homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) (Lau, Sulaiman, Chen, Yin, & Chan, 2013;Lau, Yin, & Chan, 2014). Previous studies have shown that E. asburiae strains have been isolated from water, soil, food, and human sources, that is, blood culture, wounds, and exudates as well as from respiratory sources (Brenner, McWhorter, Kai, Steigerwalt, & Farmer, 1986; Castellanos-Arévalo, Castellanos-Arévalo, Camarena-Pozos, Colli-Mull, & Maldonado-Vega, 2015; Khalifa, Alsyeeh, Almalki, & Saleh, 2015;Shin et al, 2007). Although its exact clinical value is yet to be discovered and very little is known about its pathogenicity and virulence, these findings suggested the clinical significance of E. asburiae.…”

Enterobacter arachidis sp. nov., a plant-growth-promoting diazotrophic bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil of groundnut

“…The genus Enterobacter is clearly separated from other groups, forming a distinct branch, and at the time of writing included 22 species with validly published names (http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/e/enterobacter.html), Enterobacter cloacae being the type species (Hormaeche & Edwards, 1960). Members of the genus Enterobacter are detected in various environments, such as infant formula (Stephan et al, 2007(Stephan et al, , 2008, clinical specimens (Brenner et al, 1986;Hoffmann et al, 2005) and in association with plants (Egamberdieva et al, 2008;Kämpfer et al, 2005). Several species of the genus Enterobacter are known to interact and exert beneficial effects on plant growth.…”