Enterite granulomatosa associada a larvas de ciatostomíneos em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul

Pierezan, Felipe; Rissi, Daniel R.; Filho, José C. Oliveira; Lucena, Ricardo Barbosa; Tochetto, Camila; Flores, Mariana M.; Rosa, Fernanda A.; Barros, Claudio S.L.

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2009000500004

Cited by 5 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…On gross examination, the mucosa of the colon and cecum was markedly thickened with numerous elevated nodules containing tangled filiform parasites, similar to those previously described (PIEREZAN et al, 2009a). On histological examination, these nodular lesions had both early and late stages of L3 and L4 parasites surrounded by an eosinophilic and granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Clinically, cyathostominae typhlocolitis had diarrhea as a constant finding in all horses, and this was different from the findings of a previous study wherein it was considered variable (PIEREZAN et al, 2009a). Several clinical syndromes may occur with cyathostome infection, including acute protein-losing diarrhea, recurrent diarrhea, rapid weight loss, subcutaneous edema, lethargy, inappetence and variable fecal consistency (MAIR, 2002).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…This study, in which all the horses were younger than 1.5 years old, theorized that foals are more susceptible to severe acute protein-losing diarrhea, while aged horses may present mostly recurrent diarrhea (BODECEK et al, 2010). Previous studies have also shown that foals have less resistance to helminths, with higher mean EPG (SHEFERAW & ALEMU, 2015), and are thus more susceptible to this condition (PIEREZAN et al, 2009a) because of their as-yet undeveloped immune system (NIELSEN & LYONS, 2017); these findings are similar to the present findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The Gordon & Whitlock (1939) technique was performed post-mortem in two cases (horses #4 and #5) with three replicates for each horse. Histological classification of cyathostominae larval stages was based on previous studies (NIELSEN et al, 2015;PIEREZAN et al, 2009a), with larger larvae classified as late L3/L4 and small larvae as early L3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most studies have only addressed the general occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in equines through fecal examination (MARCOLONGO-PEREIRA et al, 2014;PEREIRA & VIANNA, 2006;SHEFERAW & ALEMU, 2015). Moreover, a few studies have described the clinical and pathological findings related to fatal larval cyathostomiasis (BODECEK et al, 2010;PIEREZAN et al, 2009a), Strongyloides westeri enteritis (LUCENA et al, 2012) and Balantidium coli colitis (HEADLEY et al, 2008). Nevertheless, recent studies have expressed concerns regarding the increasing prevalence of cyathostomins, their potential pathogenicity, and anthelmintic drug resistance (CORNING, 2009;LOVE et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal parasite-induced enteritis and typhlocolitis in horses in Southern Brazil

Bianchi

Mello

Wentz

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Diseases related to the alimentary system are the main cause of death in horses. This retrospective study aimed to describe the pathological findings of fatal parasite-induced enteritis and typhlocolitis caused by cyathostominae, Eimeria leuckarti, Balantidium coli, and Strongyloides westeri in horses. The records of parasite-induced intestinal lesions in horses necropsied in Southern Brazil between 2005 and 2017 were reviewed. Ten horses had fatal parasitic enteritis and/or typhlocolitis, and the main causes were: cyathostominae typhlocolitis (6/10), E. leuckarti enteritis (1/10), S. westeri enteritis (1/10), B. coli colitis related to cyathostominae (1/10), and infection by multiple agents (1/10). Cyathostominae typhlocolitis showed marked mucosal thickening, with multifocal elevated nodules containing tangled filiform parasites. Microscopic examination revealed that the mucosa and submucosa had encysted parasitic structures surrounded by eosinophilic and granulomatous inflammation. E. leuckarti enteritis was microscopically characterized by macrogamonts, microgamonts, and oocysts inside the host cells. S. westeri enteritis showed microscopic atrophy of the villi with numerous mucosal encysted parasitic structures. B. coli typhlocolitis showed severe diffuse mucosal reddening, with microscopic superficial mucosal necrosis associated with multiple protozoan trophozoites. Fatal parasite-induced enteritis and typhlocolitis are important causes of death in horses in Southern Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal parasite-induced enteritis and typhlocolitis in horses in Southern Brazil

Bianchi

Mello

Wentz

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Typhocolitis by Cyathostomins Larvae on a Donkey

Olinda

Ferreira

Firmino

et al. 2016

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Cyathostomosis is the infection by nematode larvae of small strongyles belonging to the subfamily Cyathos tominae (cyathostome). It is primarily a disease of young horses with global distribution. The parasites cause severe injuries to the intestine and the clinically affected animals have severe diarrhea, colic, intussusception, and less frequently intestinal infarction. The aim of this study is to describe the pathological fndings of enteritis by cyathostome on a donkey in Brazil.Case: A donkey (Equus asinus), crossbred female mongrel, approximately four-months-old, was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brazil with a history of trauma. On clinical examination, complete fracture of the left femur was identifed. After performing euthanasia the donkey was necropsied. The animal wasskinny with pale mucous membranes. The perineal region, base of the tail and hind limbs were dirty with yellowish fecal content. At necropsy, the large intestine had a pasty content and the mucosa was thickened with the multifocal whitish or dark red nodules. The cut surface of these nodules showed caseous material, sometimes associated with larvae in the submucosa. Microscopically, it was observed granulomatous and eosinophilic chronic multifocal associated with intralesional larvae of cyathostome-like nematodes. In the mucosa and submucosa of the colon and cecum, there were multifocal to coalescing granulomas composed by moderate inﬂammatory infltrate composed of eosinophils, macrophages, epithelioidcells, neutrophils and occasional multinucleated giant cells, surrounded by fbrous tissue and infltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells. At the center of these granulomas transverse and longitudinal sections of nematode larvae with approximately 160-550μm in diameter were observed within the necrotic material. The parasites presented a smooth, thick andeosinophilic outer cuticle, clear platymyarian muscles, internal cuticular crests, vacuolated lateral strings, and intestine composed of multinucleated cells in the large colon and caecum. There were no mature gonads, featuring the larval stage.Discussion: Parasitic infections are the most common diseases that threaten donkey health and performance. In this species, small strongyles infections are severe, since the larvae can infltrate and form cysts in the wall of the large intestine causing serious damage. The most common clinical signs caused by cyathostome are weight loss and diarrhea, which are non-specifc and consequently can lead to an underestimation of the disease occurrence. In this case, massive infection of small strongyles was observed in the large colon and caecum. In contrast to the large strongyles, the small strongyles do not migrate through tissue but severely injure the large intestine of donkeys, zebras and horses. Other possible causes of enteritis in horses include Salmonella spp., Rhodococcus equi, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium diffcile, Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) ristcii infections, and idiopathic and neoplastic conditions (lymphoma). In the present report, the diagnosis of larval ciatostomose was based on clinical signs, and especially in the severity of pathological fndings associated withmorphological characteristics of the larvae of nematodes compatible with cyathostome in the large intestine.Keywords: nematodes, diarrhea, donkey, cyathostomins.

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Prevalence of intestinal nematodes in equines from the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Martins¹,

Pinto²,

Santos³

et al. 2020

Pubvet

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Resumo. O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a prevalência de nematódeos intestinais em equinos da região sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Doze propriedades foram incluídas no estudo. Foram analisados 385 equinos, machos e fêmeas, com idade entre seis meses e 27 anos. As fazendas foram consideradas infectadas quando pelo menos um equino analisado foi positivo. A pesquisa parasitológica foi realizada por meio das técnicas de McMaster e Coprocultura. Ciatostomíneos foram encontrados em todas as propriedades e Strongylus vulgaris em apenas duas. A prevalência de nematódeos intestinais nos equinos foi: Ciatostomíneos (96,36%), Parascaris equorum (12,21%), Oxyuris equi (10,13%) e Strongyloides westeri (3,12%). O conhecimento acerca da prevalência dos nematódeos intestinais poderá contribuir para elaboração de programas de controle parasitário na região.

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Enterite granulomatosa associada a larvas de ciatostomíneos em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Fatal parasite-induced enteritis and typhlocolitis in horses in Southern Brazil

Fatal parasite-induced enteritis and typhlocolitis in horses in Southern Brazil

Typhocolitis by Cyathostomins Larvae on a Donkey

Prevalence of intestinal nematodes in equines from the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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