Entanglement Swapping between Photons that have Never Coexisted

Megidish, Eli; Halevy, Ayelet; Shacham, Tomer; Dvir, Tom; Dovrat, L.; Eisenberg, Henryk

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.110.210403

Cited by 110 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…The earlier experiments were performed by Freedman and Clauser (1972), and Aspect, Grangier and Roger (1982). Recently, some independent experiments have proved that two particles were always entangled after they had been measured (Ma, Zotter, Kofler, Ursin, Jennewein, Brukner, & Zeilinger, 2012), and demonstrated that the nonlocality of quantum mechanics does not apply only to particles with spacelike separation, but also to particles with temporal separation (Megidish, Halevy, Shacham, Dvir, Dovrat, & Eisenberg, 2013); Yin (2013) claimed that the speed of Einstein's "spooky action at a distance" is at least 10,000 times fast than light. These studies confirm that, although a loophole or two are still outstanding, the original formulation of quantum mechanics is indeed correct.…”

Section: Empirical Intermediary Among Many-worldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Many-Worlds, Self, and Dreams

Ma¹

2017

OJPP

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The many-worlds interpretation offers a fundamental explanation to the seemingly bizarre quantum theory; however, it lacks empirical significance. In this work I put forward the concepts of "nousor" and "counterpart", and the notion of self structure scheme, by which I argue that the existence of other parallel worlds could be revealed by dream, and those counterparts in different worlds can exchange information through the special nousor to ensure the oneness of counterparts. Many worlds and all lives there follow the rules of correspondence, convergence, limitation, as well as love and hate. Based on the proposed theory, I analyze not only déjà vu phenomenon, but also actual dreams and sleepwalking, to assist us to understand the concept of self. A large database of humanity's dreams should be constructed for helping predict disruptions both individually and environmentally.

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Section: Empirical Intermediary Among Many-worldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Many-Worlds, Self, and Dreams

Ma¹

2017

OJPP

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“…A PBS completes the error correction protocol. The multiple phase accumulation part is implemented by a 31.5 m long delay line, projecting photons from different pulses [38]. Two 22.5 o HWPs are placed before the projecting PBS to avoid the collapse of the state by the measurement of the first photon.…”

Section: Fig 1 (Color Online)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More experimental details and a discussion on the entanglement swapping between delayed photons can be found in Ref. [38]. …”

Section: Fig 1 (Color Online)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of a quantum error correction for enhanced sensitivity of photonic measurements

Cohen¹,

Pilnyak²,

Istrati³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. A

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The sensitivity of classical and quantum sensing is impaired in a noisy environment. Thus, one of the main challenges facing sensing protocols is to reduce the noise while preserving the signal. State of the art quantum sensing protocols that rely on dynamical decoupling achieve this goal under the restriction of long noise correlation times. We implement a proof-of-principle experiment of a protocol to recover sensitivity by using an error correction for photonic systems that does not have this restriction. The protocol uses a protected entangled qubit to correct a single error. Our results show a recovery of about 87% of the sensitivity, independent of the noise rate.

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“…27 This claim is not correct because: a) "can affect" is a causation statement, but correlation is not causation; and b) instantaneity is mistakenly read into these experiments as if the quantum entanglement was only between simultaneous states, but physicists have recently shown that quantum correlation is possible between photon pairs that never coexisted (Megidish et al, 2013).…”

Section: On Time With Time In Physics: a Personal Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Yet another time about time … Part I: An essay on the phenomenology of physical time

Simeonov¹

2015

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology

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This paper presents yet another personal reflection on one the most important concepts in both science and the humanities: time. This elusive notion has been not only bothering philosophers since Plato and Aristotle. It goes throughout human history embracing all analytical and creative (anthropocentric) disciplines. Time has been a central theme in physical and life sciences, philosophy, psychology, music, art and many more. This theme is known with a vast body of knowledge across different theories and categories. What has been explored concerns its nature (rational, irrational, arational), appearances/qualia, degrees, dimensions and scales of conceptualization (internal, external, fractal, discrete, continuous, mechanical, quantum, local, global, etc.). Of particular interest have been parameters of time such as duration ranges, resolutions, modes (present, now, past, future), varieties of tenses (e.g. present perfect, present progressive, etc.) and some intuitive, but also fancy phenomenological characteristics such as "arrow", "stream", "texture", "width", "depth", "density", even "scent". Perhaps the most distinct characteristic of this fundamental concept is the absolute time constituting the flow of consciousness according to Husserl, the reflection of pure (human) nature without having the distinction between exo and endo. This essay is a personal reflection upon time in modern physics and phenomenological philosophy.Keywords: space, time, consciousness, physics, mathematics, philosophy, phenomenology. ___________________________________________________________________ PrologueSpace and time are particularly modalities of human consciousness. Whereas space can be realized through our eyes and limbs, time remains elusive to our minds and still bothers philosophers since antiquity (Dyke & Bardon, 2013). In the beginning of the 20 th century science made a crucial switchover. Time was spatialized 1 . Until then the world was threedimensional. With the Special Relativity Theory (Einstein, 1905;Minkowski, 1909) the concept of time became the fourth dimension 2 and an integral element of the new physical worldview. It caused confusion among many of Einstein's contemporaries, and not only with its relativistic dilation in the well-known equation with the speed of light ť = t (1-(v/c) 2 ) ½ .1 It could be argued that time was spatialized earlier. Though time and space were separate for Newton (something that Einstein challenged), the clock time he assumed was laid out like space and was devoid of the dynamism of Bergsonian durée, (Bergson, 1912;Čapek, 1961). 2 It was Laplace who treated time as just another dimension equivalent to space, and thereby paved the way for the development of relativity theory as it came to be understood (but not as Čapek, following Bergson, understood it).This notion of relativistic time appeared wrong and unnatural, not without good reason, since:• Time is ineffable, eluding science and mathematics: it can only be grasped through intuition and shown indirectly and partia...

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Entanglement Swapping between Photons that have Never Coexisted

Cited by 110 publications

References 39 publications

Many-Worlds, Self, and Dreams

Many-Worlds, Self, and Dreams

Demonstration of a quantum error correction for enhanced sensitivity of photonic measurements

Yet another time about time … Part I: An essay on the phenomenology of physical time

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