ENSO–South China Sea summer monsoon interaction modulated by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

Fan, Yi; Fan, Ke; Xu, Zhiqing; Li, Shuanglin

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-17-0448.1

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Weisberg and Wang 1997;Kim and Lau 2001). Fan et al (2018) suggested that the AMO could modulate these ENSO-summer monsoon interactions significantly, with a stronger summer monsoon feedback to ENSO during positive AMO phases. Thus, it is also possible that the intensified correlation between summertime ENSO index and WNP summer monsoon results from stronger ENSO-monsoon interactions during recent decades, which needs to be investigated in more detail future studies.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced correlation between ENSO and western North Pacific monsoon during boreal summer around the 1990s

Wang

2019

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters

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The correlation between summertime Niño3.4 index and western North Pacific (WNP) summer monsoon index has strikingly enhanced since the early 1990s, with nonsignificant correlation before the early 1990s but significant correlation afterward. This observed interdecadal change around the 1990s may be associated with more frequent occurrences of central Pacific (CP) El Niño and the interdecadal changes in ENSO-associated SST anomalies. During the post-1990s period (the pre-1990s period), highly noticeable tropical Atlantic (Indian) Ocean SST anomalies tend to co-occur with the summertime Niño3.4 SST anomalies. The concurrent tropical Atlantic (Indian) Ocean SST anomalies could constructively reinforce (destructively mitigate) the WNP monsoon circulation anomalies induced by the summertime Niño3.4 SST, thus boosting (muting) the correlation between summertime Niño3.4 SST and WNP monsoon. In addition, the faster decaying pace of preceding-winter El Niño after the 1990s, which may have been mainly induced by the influences from the spring tropical North Atlantic SST anomalies, could also have contributed to the enhanced correlation between the summertime Niño3.4 index and WNP monsoon. These results suggest that the enhanced influences from the tropical Atlantic SST may have triggered the intensified correlation between summertime ENSO and WNP monsoon since the early 1990s. 摘要西北太平洋夏季风指数与同时期夏季的Niño3.4指数的相关系数在90年代初期以后出现显著的增强。两者相关系数的这种年代际变化可能跟中太平洋型ENSO的更频繁发生以及ENSO相关联的其他热带洋盆的海表面温度异常有关。在90年代之后(之前)，显著的热带大西洋(印度洋)海表面温度异常倾向伴随夏季Niño3.4海表面温度异常同时出现，并且能够增强(减弱) Niño3.4海表面温度异常所引起的西北太平洋夏季风异常，从而能够增强(减弱)Niño3.4海表面温度与西北太平洋夏季风指数之间的相关系数。另一方面，由春季北大西洋海表面温度异常所引起的前一年冬季El Niño更快的衰减速率，也能够促进夏季Niño3.4指数与西北太平洋夏季风之间相关系数在90年代之后的增加。这些结果表明来自大西洋海温影响的增强可能导致了夏季Niño3.4指数与西北太平洋夏季风指数之间的相关系数在90年代之后的显著增加。 ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced correlation between ENSO and western North Pacific monsoon during boreal summer around the 1990s

Wang

2019

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters

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“…Despite the fact that the mechanisms underlying the AMO are under debate, numerous studies have suggested that the interdecadal variations in the SST in the North Atlantic have great impacts on global climate changes. In summer, the AMO can influence the atmospheric circulation over the Atlantic (Semenov and Cherenkova 2018), North America and Europe (Sutton and Hodson 2005;Hu et al 2011;Ionita et al 2013;Kayano and Capistrano 2014;Ghosh et al 2017), and Asia (Lu et al 2006;Luo et al 2017;Fan et al 2018;Zhang et al 2018). In winter, the AMO can influence Eurasian air temperature (Hao et al 2016), the East Asian winter monsoon (Li and Bates 2007), and northeastern China winter precipitation (Han et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

North Atlantic Modulation of Interdecadal Variations in Hot Drought Events over Northeastern China

Gao

et al. 2020

Journal of Climate

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Based on the long-term reanalysis datasets and the multivariate copula method, this study reveals that the frequency of summer hot drought events (SHDEs) over northeastern China (NEC) shows interdecadal variations during 1925–2010. It is revealed that the summer sea surface temperature (SST) over the North Atlantic has a significant positive correlation with the frequency of SHDEs over NEC on the decadal time scale, indicating a potential influence of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO). Further analyses indicate that during the positive phases of the AMO, the warming SST over the North Atlantic can trigger a stationary Rossby wave originating from the North Atlantic, which splits into two wave trains propagating along two different routes. One is a zonally orientated wave train that resembles the Silk Road pattern, whereas the other is an arching wave train that resembles the polar–Eurasian pattern. A negative (positive) phase of the Silk Road pattern (polar–Eurasian pattern) may result in the weakened westerly wind along the jet stream, the downward vertical motion, and the anomalous positive geopotential center over NEC, providing favorable conditions for precipitation deficiency and high temperature and resulting in increased SHDEs. Thus, the Silk Road pattern and the polar–Eurasian pattern serve as linkages between the AMO and SHDEs over northeastern China in summer on the interdecadal time scale. Model simulations from CAM4 perturbed with warmer SST in the North Atlantic show precipitation deficiency and high temperature conditions over northeastern China in summer, supporting the potential impacts of the North Atlantic SST on SHDEs over northeastern China. The results suggest that the phase of the AMO should be taken into account in the decadal prediction of SHDEs over northeastern China in summer.

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“…First of all, a possible factor is ENSO. A lot of studies have pointed out that ENSO has great influence on the East Asia climate including the SCSSM (Xie et al ., 2010; Kajikawa and Wang, 2012; Fan et al ., 2018). The correlation between the Niño 3.4 index (averaged SSTA in 170–120°W, 5°S–5°N) in previous winter and PC1 (Figure 2b) of the SCSMT is 0.52, which is above the 99% confidence level.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interdecadal change in the relationship between interannual variation of the South China Sea monsoon trough and tropical Indo‐Pacific sea surface temperature

Zhang

Jian

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The South China Sea monsoon trough (SCSMT) presents remarkable year-toyear variability, which exerts great influences on the summer climate over the South China Sea and surrounding regions. The variation of SCSMT may be forced by the tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs). The relationship between interannual variability of the SCSMT and the SSTA in tropical Indo-Pacific oceans experienced several interdecadal changes during 1958-2019, namely around the late 1970s, early 1990s, and mid-2000s, respectively. In epoch 1 (1958-1977), the significant SSTA pattern associated with the weakening of the SCSMT features the warming in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) and the Maritime Continent (MC) which contributes to interannual variation of the SCSMT via inducing anomalous local meridional circulation. In epoch 2 (1978-1992), there is strong warming in the whole Indian Ocean basin which induces southwest-northeast vertical circulation anomalies and excites warm Kelvin wave in tropospheric atmosphere, leading to the weakening of the SCSMT. The SSTA in epoch 3 (1993-2003) features significant warming in the eastern TIO and MC which influences the SCSMT via abnormal meridional circulation and Kelvin wave, and weak cooling in the central Pacific which partly contributes to the weakening of the SCSMT via Rossby wave response. The SSTA pattern in epoch 4 (2004-2014) is similar to that in epoch 3, while the warming in the MC is weaker with insignificant meridional circulation and Kelvin-wave response, and the most significant feature is the cooling in the central to eastern Pacific (CEP) with strong Rossby wave response. These results suggest that, during different epochs, interannual variability of the SCSMT is modulated by SSTA in different key areas through different mechanisms, and the key area shifts eastward from the TIO to the CEP with time.

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ENSO–South China Sea summer monsoon interaction modulated by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

Cited by 22 publications

References 61 publications

Enhanced correlation between ENSO and western North Pacific monsoon during boreal summer around the 1990s

Enhanced correlation between ENSO and western North Pacific monsoon during boreal summer around the 1990s

North Atlantic Modulation of Interdecadal Variations in Hot Drought Events over Northeastern China

Interdecadal change in the relationship between interannual variation of the South China Sea monsoon trough and tropical Indo‐Pacific sea surface temperature

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