<p>Climate change in the polar regions exerts a profound influence both locally and over all of our planet.&#160; Physical and ecosystem changes influence societies and economies, via factors that include food provision, transport and access to non-renewable resources.&#160; Sea level, global climate and potentially mid-latitude weather are influenced by the changing polar regions, through coupled feedback processes, sea ice changes and the melting of snow and land-based ice sheets and glaciers.</p><p>Reflecting this importance, the IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) features a chapter highlighting past, ongoing and future change in the polar regions, the impacts of these changes, and the possible options for response.&#160; The role of the polar oceans, both in determining the changes and impacts in the polar regions and in structuring the global influence, is an important component of this chapter.</p><p>With emphasis on the Southern Ocean and through comparison with the Arctic, this talk will outline key findings from the polar regions chapter of SROCC. It will synthesise the latest information on the rates, patterns and causes of changes in sea ice, ocean circulation and properties. It will assess cryospheric driving of ocean change from ice sheets, ice shelves and glaciers, and the role of the oceans in determining the past and future evolutions of polar land-based ice. The implications of these changes for climate, ecosystems, sea level and the global system will be outlined.</p>
The East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) is characterized by the frequent cold surges and associated closely with the Siberia High, East Asian Trough, and high-level westerly jet stream. The ENSO cycle can modulate the EAWM since it has co-variability with the sea surface temperature over the Indo-Western-Pacific which can tune the land-sea thermal contrast for the EAWM. This paper, by analyzing the EAWM, ENSO, and associated atmosphere-ocean variability, documents the weakening of the EAWM-ENSO relationship after the 1970s. The significant out-of-phase inter-relationship is found to be diminished after the 1970s. Further study in this work suggests that the weakened co-variability of the tropical Indo-Western-Pacific climate associated with ENSO after the 1970s is partly responsible for the weakened inter-relationship. Meanwhile, the reduced EAWM interannual variability and northward retreat of the EAWM-associated climate variability are favorable to the weakened ENSO-EAWM connection.
East Asian winter monsoon, ENSO, interdecadal variability, interannual variability
Citation:Wang H J, He S P. Weakening relationship between East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO after mid-1970s.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.