Enhancing the adsorption affinity of cellulose acetate film toward cationic dye by incorporating Cloisite 30B grafted with polyacrylic acid

Abstract

Cellulose acetate (CA) is known for its low adsorption affinity toward dyes, hence this study aims to improve its adsorption affinity toward cationic dyes by introducing Cloisite 30B grafted with polyacrylic acid (C30B‐g‐PAA). C30B‐g‐PAA was synthesized by grafting polyacrylic acid (PAA) onto Cloisite 30B (C30B) using in‐situ reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Different weight ratios of unmodified (raw) and modified (C30B‐g‐PAA) C30B (0, 25, and 50 wt%) were incorporated into CA matrices to prepare a series of CA nanocomposite films. The results showed that the adsorption affinity of the prepared nanocomposite films increased toward cationic methylene blue (MB) dye with incorporating either unmodified or modified C30B, but a significant improvement was observed with the incorporating C30B‐g‐PAA with a maximum adsorption capacity of 53 mg/g for a load of 50 wt%. This indicates that the surface modification of C30B with PAA was effective in enhancing the adsorption efficacy of CA. The kinetic and isotherm studies showed that the adsorption behavior of CA nanocomposite film with 50 wt% of C30B‐g‐PAA followed pseudo‐second‐order and Langmuir isothermal model. Regeneration study showed good reusability of CA nanocomposite film with 50 wt% of C30B‐g‐PAA. These results demonstrate that the nanocomposite film with 50 wt% of C30B‐g‐PAA can be used as a highly efficient, easy to separate, and reusable adsorbent material to remove MB dye from wastewater.

Functionalized nanocellulose as a bifunctional material for efficient adsorption of mercuric ions with antimicrobial properties

“…36 The remanent concentration of Hg 2+ ions in the solution was analyzed at 560 nm through UV-Vis spectrophotometry using TMK mercury reagent to determine the optimized adsorption time. Thereafter, the effect of temperature (25-45 C), pH (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) and concentration (25-400 ppm) for the removal of Hg 2+ ions were studied. The adsorption capacity (q) and % removal (P r ) were measured by using the expressions ( 1) and (2) 55,56 :…”

“…5,6 In literature, there are several reports wherein biomass-based adsorbents have been employed for the adsorption/removal of toxic heavy metal ions/dyes. [7][8][9][10] Cellulose is the main component of biomass that, however, is not an effective adsorbent owing to the strong network of its polymer chains involving hydrogenbonding, resulting in low availability of active sites, -OH and ether groups, for adsorption. 11 However, the rich pool of -OH groups on the cellulose backbone can be tailored with suitable functional moieties to induce specific properties for target-specific applications.…”

“…Recently, there has been an enhanced focus on the use of several biomass‐derived adsorbents owing to their cost‐effectiveness, non‐toxicity, easy availability of feedstock, simple processing, high adsorption to bind toxic effluents, and regeneration capacity 5,6 . In literature, there are several reports wherein biomass‐based adsorbents have been employed for the adsorption/removal of toxic heavy metal ions/dyes 7‐10 …”

Effective removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using a hybrid composite of fuller's earth, aluminum silicate and chitosan

“…Metal ion adsorption decreased with the increase in initial concentration of metal ions for both adsorbents but no great difference in the removal was observed in the adsorption of metal ions of 5 and 10 mg/l. The possible reason could be that the driving force may overcome the resistance of adsorbate mass transfer from the bulk to the surface of the adsorbent [58]. The prepared composite still has a large adsorption ability for both tested metal ions using 50 mg/l of metal ions and the removal attained 92 and 90% for Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively, which reveals the efficiency of the prepared composite for metal ion adsorption at range of 5-50 mg/l.…”

Synthesis of copolymer nanocomposite by in situ intercalative polymerization for batch and fixed bed adsorption

“…There are several reports on clay–polymer composite‐based adsorbents. PAA‐clay, 9 chitosan‐grafted PAA‐clay, 10 starch grafted PAA‐clay, 11 and cellulose acetate film filled with Cloisite 30B grafted PAA 12 were reported as adsorbents for removal of metal ions and synthetic dyes from water. Sodium polyacrylate (PolyNaAA) hydrogel prepared from partially neutralized AA showed high adsorption of Cu (II) from water 13 .…”