Enhancing older adults’ eyewitness memory for present and future events with the Self-Administered Interview.

Gawrylowicz, Julie; Memon, Amina; Scoboria, Alan; Hope, Lorraine; Gabbert, Fiona

doi:10.1037/a0038048

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, however, accuracy rates of the perpetrator and verifiable event details were not compromised. Moreover, the accuracy rates were comparable with those obtained in previous SAI studies (e.g., Gabbert et al, 2009;Gawrylowicz, Memon, Scoboria, Hope, et al, 2014;Hope et al, 2014). This pattern of increased recall comprehensiveness and stable accuracy rates has previously been termed the "SAI effect" (Gawrylowicz, Memon, & Scoboria, 2014, p. 320) and is analogous to what is commonly found in research on the Cognitive Interview (Memon et al, 2010) on which the SAI is based.…”

Section: Sai Recall Performance Under Stresssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Relative to FR, the SAI elicits a higher number of correct details which usually amounts to a large effect -, but also a higher number of incorrect details. Importantly, however, accuracy rates (number of correct details reported divided by all reported details; see Meissner, Sporer, & Susa, 2008) do not differ between the SAI and FR (Gabbert et al, 2009;Gawrylowicz, Memon, Scoboria, Hope, & Gabbert, 2014). That accuracy rates are unaffected by the SAI is essential because it shows that information gain does not compromise the amount of correct information that is elicited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Eyewitness Evidence Obtained with the Self‐Administered Interview© Is Unaffected by Stress

Krix

Sauerland

Raymaekers

et al. 2015

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Section: Sai Recall Performance Under Stresssupporting

confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Eyewitness Evidence Obtained with the Self‐Administered Interview© Is Unaffected by Stress

Krix

Sauerland

Raymaekers

et al. 2015

Applied Cognitive Psychology

Self Cite

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“…A study assessing the level of agreement between 6425 children and their parents regarding dietary, physical, and sedentary behaviors reported a mean agreement rate of 43% [ 47 ]. Similarly, studies assessing memory recall for the same events in children, young adults, and the elderly showed that the reports of the elderly were as complete as the children’s but were the least accurate overall [ 48 ]. This highlights both the potential inaccuracies of self-reporting within certain cohorts and the need for ground-truth data due to the rate of disagreement found in reporting utilizing a proxy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Empowering Role of Mobile Apps in Behavior Change Interventions: The Gray Matters Randomized Controlled Trial

Hartin¹,

Nugent²,

McClean³

et al. 2016

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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BackgroundHealth education and behavior change programs targeting specific risk factors have demonstrated their effectiveness in reducing the development of future diseases. Alzheimer disease (AD) shares many of the same risk factors, most of which can be addressed via behavior change. It is therefore theorized that a behavior change intervention targeting these risk factors would likely result in favorable rates of AD prevention.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to reduce the future risk of developing AD, while in the short term promoting vascular health, through behavior change.MethodsThe study was an interventional randomized controlled trial consisting of subjects who were randomly assigned into either treatment (n=102) or control group (n=42). Outcome measures included various blood-based biomarkers, anthropometric measures, and behaviors related to AD risk. The treatment group was provided with a bespoke “Gray Matters” mobile phone app designed to encourage and facilitate behavior change. The app presented evidence-based educational material relating to AD risk and prevention strategies, facilitated self-reporting of behaviors across 6 behavioral domains, and presented feedback on the user’s performance, calculated from reported behaviors against recommended guidelines.ResultsThis paper explores the rationale for a mobile phone–led intervention and details the app’s effect on behavior change and subsequent clinical outcomes. Via the app, the average participant submitted 7.3 (SD 3.2) behavioral logs/day (n=122,719). Analysis of these logs against primary outcome measures revealed that participants who improved their high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels during the study duration answered a statistically significant higher number of questions per day (mean 8.30, SD 2.29) than those with no improvement (mean 6.52, SD 3.612), t97.74=−3.051, P=.003. Participants who decreased their body mass index (BMI) performed significantly better in attaining their recommended daily goals (mean 56.21 SD 30.4%) than those who increased their BMI (mean 40.12 SD 29.1%), t80 = −2.449, P=.017. In total, 69.2% (n=18) of those who achieved a mean performance percentage of 60% or higher, across all domains, reduced their BMI during the study, whereas 60.7% (n=34) who did not, increased their BMI. One-way analysis of variance of systolic blood pressure category changes showed a significant correlation between reported efforts to reduce stress and category change as a whole, P=.035. An exit survey highlighted that respondents (n=83) reported that the app motivated them to perform physical activity (85.4%) and make healthier food choices (87.5%).ConclusionsIn this study, the ubiquitous nature of the mobile phone excelled as a delivery platform for the intervention, enabling the dissemination of educational intervention material while simultaneously monitoring and encouraging positive behavior change, resulting in desirable clinical effects. Sustained effort to maintain the achieved behaviors is expected to mitigate future...

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“…It is important to note that the video did not depict any actual sexual assault but suggests that this likely happened between camera shots. This video has been used in previous eyewitness memory studies (Gawrylowicz, Memon, & Scoboria, ; Gawrylowicz, Memon, Scoboria, Hope, & Gabbert, ). The event was presented on a laptop computer with a 12.1‐in screen, native resolution 1024 × 768, with 24 bit (16.7 m colours) colour support.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A coding scheme containing 407 visible details depicted in the video was used for coding the free recall test (see Gawrylowicz et al, 2014a,b). Coders were instructed to monitor the coding scheme while coding the information provided in the written free recalls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intoxicated eyewitnesses: The effect of a fully balanced placebo design on event memory and metacognitive control

Gawrylowicz

Scoboria

Teodorini

et al. 2018

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Few studies have examined the impact of alcohol on metacognition for witnessed events. We used a 2 × 2 balanced placebo design, where mock witnesses expected and drank alcohol, did not expect but drank alcohol, did not expect nor drank alcohol, or expected but did not drink alcohol. Participants watched a mock crime in a bar-lab, followed by free recall and a cued-recall test with or without the option to reply "don't know" (DK). Intoxicated mock witnesses' free recall was less complete but not less accurate. During cued-recall, alcohol led to lower accuracy, and reverse placebo participants gave more erroneous and fewer correct responses. Permitting and clarifying DK responses was associated with fewer errors and more correct responses for sober individuals; and intoxicated witnesses were less likely to opt out of erroneous responding to unanswerable questions. Our findings highlight the practical and theoretical importance of examining pharmacological effects of alcohol and expectancies in real-life settings.

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Enhancing older adults’ eyewitness memory for present and future events with the Self-Administered Interview.

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Eyewitness Evidence Obtained with the Self‐Administered Interview© Is Unaffected by Stress

Eyewitness Evidence Obtained with the Self‐Administered Interview© Is Unaffected by Stress

The Empowering Role of Mobile Apps in Behavior Change Interventions: The Gray Matters Randomized Controlled Trial

Intoxicated eyewitnesses: The effect of a fully balanced placebo design on event memory and metacognitive control

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