The
phenomenon of granular magnetoresistance offers the promise
of rapid functional materials discovery and high-sensitivity, low-cost
sensing technology. Since its discovery over 25 years ago, a major
challenge has been the preparation of solids composed of well-characterized,
uniform, nanoscale magnetic domains. Rapid advances in colloidal nanochemistry
now facilitate the study of more complex and finely controlled materials,
enabling the rigorous exploration of the fundamental nature and maximal
capabilities of this intriguing class of spintronic materials. We
present the first study of size-dependence in granular magnetoresistance
using colloidal nanoparticles. These data demonstrate a strongly nonlinear
size-dependent magnetoresistance with smaller particles having strong ΔR/R ∼ 18% at 300 K and larger
particles showing a 3-fold decline. Importantly, this indicates that
CoFe2O4 can act as an effective room temperature
granular magnetoresistor and that neither a high superparamagnetic
blocking temperature nor a low overall resistance are determining
factors in viable magnetoresistance values for sensing applications.
These results demonstrate the promise of wider exploration of nontraditional
granular structures composed of nanomaterials, molecule-based magnets,
and metal-organic frameworks.