“…Cheung, Wan and Chan (2018, 10) point out that "training should be able to empower teachers to think about, or work with the technology in more different ways, rather than just teaching them how to use it". Besides, teachers should feel encouraged to use technology-based strategies on account of its ease-of-use and versatility in realising learning outcomes, and especially in meeting the needs of diverse student profiles (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017;Schott 2017;Schaffer 2017).…”
“…Time and space flexibility are two of the most widely accepted advantages of using digital technology in educational contexts (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017). Virtual reality, in particular, seems to play a very important role in Tourism Education settings, since it offers the "adaptability needed for groups of part-time, mature and international students, and meets the self-efficacy component of successful blended learning" (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017, 136), and its ubiquitousness favours equitable learning opportunities (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017;Schaffer 2017).…”
“…One of the most relevant facets of digital technology, and in particular of virtual reality, is the possibility it presents for the development of situated understanding of contents (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017). Thus, teaching and learning strategies grounded in the use of virtual reality (Web 3.0), as well as game-based learning, for instance, support and enhance field work experience based on industry needs, fostering authentic learning experiences through narratives (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017;Schaffer 2017;Schott 2017). In fact, virtual reality environments in Tourism are emergent, in particular because they allow for innovation through real-world simulation (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017), subsequently promoting students' self-confidence and critical thinking (Schott 2017).…”
“…Notwithstanding, several authors (e.g. Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017;Schott 2017;Schaffer 2017) conclude that there is evidence of the learning effectiveness of technology use, as well as a good acceptance of digital technology within Tourism Education settings (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017, 29), in particular of virtual reality solutions (e.g. : Second Life environments or tour-guiding platforms such as the Cultural Tourism Digital Guiding Platform or InstaVR platform).…”
Purpose -Digital technology is an undeniable prime mover of society, and the ongoing digital transformation seems to be increasing the challenges within Tourism Education. Thus, this study aims at identifying, in the literature, advantages and constraints it poses to the area. Methodology -This work follows a literature review methodology, focusing on peer-reviewed, open source, recently published research, and the selected papers were analysed though a content analysis. Findings -The results yielded that teachers and students agree that some of the clear advantages of using digital technology in Tourism Education are: i) time and space flexibility, ii) the development of technical/systemic competencies, and iii) the possibilities it opens for authentic/situated teaching and learning. Furthermore, even though the use of digital technology appears to have a positive effect on students' engagement, there is still some way to go to fully address the development of the students' and teachers' digital competence. Contributions -This study makes a valuable contribution to the current discussion around the need to reshape Tourism Education by addressing not only students' but also faculty members' needs. It has a dual focus, i.e. on the use of digital technology in teaching and learning; and on the development of digital competence. Even though it concerns Tourism in specific, the results of this paper can be seen as a contribution to the state of the art of upcoming and ongoing projects in the Educational areae.g. "Future Proof Your Classroom -Teaching Skills 2030" (ref. 2017-1-AT01-KA203-034984).
“…Cheung, Wan and Chan (2018, 10) point out that "training should be able to empower teachers to think about, or work with the technology in more different ways, rather than just teaching them how to use it". Besides, teachers should feel encouraged to use technology-based strategies on account of its ease-of-use and versatility in realising learning outcomes, and especially in meeting the needs of diverse student profiles (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017;Schott 2017;Schaffer 2017).…”
“…Time and space flexibility are two of the most widely accepted advantages of using digital technology in educational contexts (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017). Virtual reality, in particular, seems to play a very important role in Tourism Education settings, since it offers the "adaptability needed for groups of part-time, mature and international students, and meets the self-efficacy component of successful blended learning" (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017, 136), and its ubiquitousness favours equitable learning opportunities (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017;Schaffer 2017).…”
“…One of the most relevant facets of digital technology, and in particular of virtual reality, is the possibility it presents for the development of situated understanding of contents (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017). Thus, teaching and learning strategies grounded in the use of virtual reality (Web 3.0), as well as game-based learning, for instance, support and enhance field work experience based on industry needs, fostering authentic learning experiences through narratives (Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017;Schaffer 2017;Schott 2017). In fact, virtual reality environments in Tourism are emergent, in particular because they allow for innovation through real-world simulation (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017), subsequently promoting students' self-confidence and critical thinking (Schott 2017).…”
“…Notwithstanding, several authors (e.g. Patiar, Ma, Kensbock and Cox 2017;Schott 2017;Schaffer 2017) conclude that there is evidence of the learning effectiveness of technology use, as well as a good acceptance of digital technology within Tourism Education settings (Chiao, Chen and Huang 2017, 29), in particular of virtual reality solutions (e.g. : Second Life environments or tour-guiding platforms such as the Cultural Tourism Digital Guiding Platform or InstaVR platform).…”
Purpose -Digital technology is an undeniable prime mover of society, and the ongoing digital transformation seems to be increasing the challenges within Tourism Education. Thus, this study aims at identifying, in the literature, advantages and constraints it poses to the area. Methodology -This work follows a literature review methodology, focusing on peer-reviewed, open source, recently published research, and the selected papers were analysed though a content analysis. Findings -The results yielded that teachers and students agree that some of the clear advantages of using digital technology in Tourism Education are: i) time and space flexibility, ii) the development of technical/systemic competencies, and iii) the possibilities it opens for authentic/situated teaching and learning. Furthermore, even though the use of digital technology appears to have a positive effect on students' engagement, there is still some way to go to fully address the development of the students' and teachers' digital competence. Contributions -This study makes a valuable contribution to the current discussion around the need to reshape Tourism Education by addressing not only students' but also faculty members' needs. It has a dual focus, i.e. on the use of digital technology in teaching and learning; and on the development of digital competence. Even though it concerns Tourism in specific, the results of this paper can be seen as a contribution to the state of the art of upcoming and ongoing projects in the Educational areae.g. "Future Proof Your Classroom -Teaching Skills 2030" (ref. 2017-1-AT01-KA203-034984).
“…Immersive learning experiences can provide real-life contexts for training and deeper conceptual thinking. …The use of immersive visualization should support equity, engagement and learning" (Schaffer, 2017). These features of visualization form its socio-cultural and cognitive functions.…”
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