Enhancing high-voltage performances of nickel-based cathode material via aluminum and progressive concentration gradient modification

Enhanced High‐Temperature Electrochemical Performance of Layered Nickel‐Rich Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries after LiF Surface Modification

“…To address this limitation, researchers have explored layered nickel (Ni)-rich (Ni content � 0.8) materials with high energy density, high theoretical capacity, and low cost, as substitutes for LiCoO 2 , which is currently used for LIBs. [13][14][15][16][17] However, several limitations exist regarding Ni-rich materials. For example, trivalent Ni ions in Ni-rich materials spontaneously reduce to divalent Ni ions and produce reactive oxygen ions, which readily react with water and carbon dioxide in air to form lithium residue, such as lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide.…”

“…For example, trivalent Ni ions in Ni-rich materials spontaneously reduce to divalent Ni ions and produce reactive oxygen ions, which readily react with water and carbon dioxide in air to form lithium residue, such as lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide. [14,[18][19][20] HF produced by lithium hydroxide corrodes the electrode material, resulting in an irreversible phase change of the cathode. [21][22][23] Moreover, the dissolution of metal ions is accelerated at high temperatures, causing the layered structure to collapse and the material's thermal stability to deteriorate.…”

“…The application of conventional LIB cathode materials is limited by their low theoretical capacity, such as LiFePO 4 , LiMn 2 O 4 , and LiCoO 2 , which cannot satisfy the increasing practical application requirements. To address this limitation, researchers have explored layered nickel (Ni)‐rich (Ni content≥0.8) materials with high energy density, high theoretical capacity, and low cost, as substitutes for LiCoO 2 , which is currently used for LIBs …”

“…However, several limitations exist regarding Ni‐rich materials. For example, trivalent Ni ions in Ni‐rich materials spontaneously reduce to divalent Ni ions and produce reactive oxygen ions, which readily react with water and carbon dioxide in air to form lithium residue, such as lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide . HF produced by lithium hydroxide corrodes the electrode material, resulting in an irreversible phase change of the cathode .…”

Nickel‐Rich Layered Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…The structural analysis of the TSFCG‐Al and NCA cathode after cycling show that TSFCG‐Al maintains the original structural integrity, whereas NCA particles suffered from serious particle degradation owing to the accumulation of grain boundary strain during the cycling. In addition, Xu et al [126] . used Al to modify the Ni‐rich FG‐NCM.…”