Enhancing cellular structure, mechanical properties, thermal stability and flame retardation of EVA/NR blend nanocomposite foams by silicon dioxide-based flame retardant

Walong, Alif; Thongnuanchan, Bencha; Uthaipan, Nattapon; Sakai, Tadamoto; Lopattananon, Natinee

doi:10.1177/14777606211042028

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It was not hard to find that the torque at the end of blending was only 6.1 N•m. The final torque of FRPLA was shown to be 8.7 N•m, because the addition of flame retardant as filler increased the viscosity of the melt [53]. It was worth mentioning that when DCP and TAIC were added at the same time, the final torque of 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA reached 35.4 N•m, which verified the formation of the crosslinked structure.…”

Section: Verification Of Cross-linked Network Structuresmentioning

confidence: 70%

Mechanically Robust and Flame-Retardant Polylactide Composites Based on In Situ Formation of Crosslinked Network Structure by DCP and TAIC

Chen

et al. 2022

Polymers

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The addition of intumescent flame retardant to PLA can greatly improve the flame retardancy of the material and inhibit the dripping, but the major drawback is the adverse impact of the mechanical properties of the material. In this study, we found that the flame retardant and mechanical properties of the materials can be improved simultaneously by constructing a cross-linked structure. Firstly, a cross-linking flame-retardant PLA structure was designed by adding 0.9 wt% DCP and 0.3 wt% TAIC. After that, different characterization methods including torque, melt flow rate, molecular weight and gel content were used to clarify the formation of crosslinking structures. Results showed that the torque of 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA increased by 307% and the melt flow rate decreased by 77.8%. The gel content of 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA was 30.8%, indicating the formation of cross-linked structures. Then, the mechanical properties and flame retardant performance were studied. Results showed that, compared with FRPLA, the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength of 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA increased by 34.8%, 82.6% and 42.9%, respectively. The flame retardancy test results showed that 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA had a very high LOI (the limiting oxygen index) value of 39.2% and passed the UL94 V-0 level without dripping. Finally, the crosslinking reaction mechanism, flame retardant mechanism and the reasons for the improvement of mechanical properties were studied and described.

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Section: Verification Of Cross-linked Network Structuresmentioning

confidence: 70%

Mechanically Robust and Flame-Retardant Polylactide Composites Based on In Situ Formation of Crosslinked Network Structure by DCP and TAIC

Chen

et al. 2022

Polymers

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“…Recently, silica-based FRs have attracted extensive attention in the research on cooperative flame-retardant PO/IFR composites, such as SiO 2 [ 174 , 175 ], MMT (OMMT) [ 176 , 177 ], and polysiloxane [ 147 , 178 ] .…”

Section: Intumescent Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, POE-MA and nano-CB, as a toughening agent and rigid nanoparticles, respectively, showed significant improvement in elongation at break and tensile strength, reaching 215% and 32.8 MPa, respectively. •Silica-based adjuvants Recently, silica-based FRs have attracted extensive attention in the research on cooperative flame-retardant PO/IFR composites, such as SiO2 [174,175], MMT (OMMT) [176,177],…”

Section: Adjuvants For Ifrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of HNTs-Si made the UL-94 test achieve the V-0 level without ignition, and the LOI was further increased to 30.6% from 29.1%. As shown in Figure 15, the cooperative effect of HNTs-Si and IFR promotes the formation of dense and crosslinking carbon layers, which can cover the PP matrix to effectively prevent the release of flammable gases and enhance the flame •Silica-based adjuvants Recently, silica-based FRs have attracted extensive attention in the research on cooperative flame-retardant PO/IFR composites, such as SiO 2 [174,175], MMT (OMMT) [176,177], and polysiloxane [147,178] https://www.x-mol.com/paperRedirect/1296136865981276160.…”

Section: Adjuvants For Ifrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polyolefin Cable Sheath Materials

Liu

et al. 2022

Polymers

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With the continuous advancements of urbanization, the demand for power cables is increasing to replace overhead lines for energy transmission and distribution. Due to undesirable scenarios, e.g., the short circuit or poor contact, the cables can cause fire. The cable sheath has a significant effect on fire expansion. Thus, it is of great significance to carry out research on flame-retardant modification for cable sheath material to prevent fire accidents. With the continuous environmental concern, polyolefin (PO) is expected to gradually replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for cable sheath material. Moreover, the halogen-free flame retardants (FRs), which are the focus of this paper, will replace the ones with halogen gradually. The halogen-free FRs used in PO cable sheath material can be divided into inorganic flame retardant, organic flame retardant, and intumescent flame retardant (IFR). However, most FRs will cause severe damage to the mechanical properties of the PO cable sheath material, mainly reflected in the elongation at break and tensile strength. Therefore, the cooperative modification of PO materials for flame retardancy and mechanical properties has become a research hotspot. For this review, about 240 works from the literature related to FRs used in PO materials were investigated. It is shown that the simultaneous improvement for flame retardancy and mechanical properties mainly focuses on surface treatment technology, nanotechnology, and the cooperative effect of multiple FRs. The principle is mainly to improve the compatibility of FRs with PO polymers and/or increase the efficiency of FRs.

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“…It is also non‐toxic and can be recycled or biodegraded under specific conditions, making it an environmentally friendly material 13 . The use of recycled silica nanoparticles not only reduces petroleum‐based CB use, but can also improve the mechanical properties (tensile strength, abrasion resistance and tear strength) and thermal stability of the final foams 14 . On the other hand, using recycled silica instead of commercial silica in the development of NR foams can bring novel and sustainable environmental benefits by reducing waste, minimizing environmental impact and potentially saving costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycled silica as a renewable and sustainable alternative to carbon black in natural rubber foams

Rostami‐Tapeh‐Esmaeil

Kazemi

Ahmad

et al. 2023

Polymer International

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Sustainable natural rubber foams were prepared by replacing petroleum‐based carbon black (CB) with recycled silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. The total nanofiller concentration was fixed at 40 phr, while the CB/silica ratio was changed from 40/0 to 0/40. The results showed that increasing the silica content increased the curing characteristics, such as delta torque (ΔM) by 54%, scorch time (ts) by 50% and optimum curing time (t90) by 65%. But foams based on a hybrid system (20/20) produced a more homogeneous structure improving the cell nucleation step and leading to the smallest cell size (18 μm) and highest cell density (8.8 × 103 cells mm−3) due to reduced filler−filler interactions and better particle dispersion. This improved cellular morphology generated superior mechanical and thermal insulation performance, including the highest compression modulus (2.7 MPa), compressive strength (1.9 MPa) and recoverability (96.6%) combined with the lowest thermal conductivity (0.114 W m−1 K−1) at a density of 0.652 g cm−3. Nevertheless, the foam with 40 phr silica showed higher compressive modulus (26%) and compression strength (15%) compared to the reference sample having 40 phr CB, mainly due to its higher crosslink density. As a final comparison, the recycled silica, being a suitable and sustainable alternative to petroleum‐based CB, showed superior mechanical and thermal insulation properties compared to a commercial grade of silica for natural rubber foams. © 2023 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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Enhancing cellular structure, mechanical properties, thermal stability and flame retardation of EVA/NR blend nanocomposite foams by silicon dioxide-based flame retardant

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Mechanically Robust and Flame-Retardant Polylactide Composites Based on In Situ Formation of Crosslinked Network Structure by DCP and TAIC

Mechanically Robust and Flame-Retardant Polylactide Composites Based on In Situ Formation of Crosslinked Network Structure by DCP and TAIC

Recent Advances in Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polyolefin Cable Sheath Materials

Recycled silica as a renewable and sustainable alternative to carbon black in natural rubber foams

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