Enhancement of spontaneous emission rates by three-dimensional photon confinement in Bragg microcavities

Ohnesorge, B.; Bayer, М.; Forchel, A.; Reithmaier, J.P.; Gippius, N. A.; Tikhodeev, S. G.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.56.r4367

Cited by 50 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This factor is proportional to the quality factor of the mode and is inversely proportional to the mode volume . Various semiconductor cavities have been investigated to give high ( i.e., long photon storage time) and tight three-dimensional confinement, including whispering-gallery modes in microdisks [6], defect modes in photonic crystals [7], and micropost microcavities [8]- [10]. Compared to the other cavity geometries, micropost microcavities have several advantages.…”

Section: Three-dimensionally Confined Modes In Micropost Microcavitiementioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensionally confined modes in micropost microcavities: quality factors and Purcell factors

Pelton

Vuković²,

Solomon

et al. 2002

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-We present detailed calculations of the mode structure of distributed-Bragg-reflector micropost microcavities. Two methods are used: a first-principles, finite-difference time-domain model, and an approximate, heuristic model based on the separation of variables. We calculate modal quality factors, as well as enhancement of spontaneous emission rates, from single quantum dots in the microcavities. Both ideal and realistic post shapes are considered. The two methods give similar results, and are capable of accurately predicting experimentally measured values.Index Terms-Cavity quantum electrodynamics, microcavities, photonic bandgaps, quantum dots, spontaneous emission modification.

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Section: Three-dimensionally Confined Modes In Micropost Microcavitiementioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensionally confined modes in micropost microcavities: quality factors and Purcell factors

Pelton

Vuković²,

Solomon

et al. 2002

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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“…The latter effect may be enhanced further if the QDs were placed in an optical resonator, which could be used not only for reducing the exciton lifetime through the Purcell effect [18], but also for funnelling the emission into a desired spatial direction, thus enhancing the collection efficiency. [18,19,20] …”

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confidence: 99%

Tailored quantum dots for entangled photon pair creation

et al. 2006

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We compare the asymmetry-induced exchange splitting δ1 of the bright-exciton ground-state doublet in self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots, determined by Faraday rotation, with its homogeneous linewidth γ, obtained from the radiative decay in time-resolved photoluminescence. Post-growth thermal annealing of the dot structures leads to a considerable increase of the homogeneous linewidth, while a strong reduction of the exchange splitting is simultaneously observed. The annealing can be tailored such that δ1 and γ become comparable, whereupon the carriers are still well confined. This opens the possibility to observe polarization entangled photon pairs through the biexciton decay cascade.PACS numbers: 71.36.+c, 73.20.Dx, 78.47.+p, Entangled photon pairs are a key requirement for the implementation of quantum teleportation schemes.[1] Typically, such photon pairs are created by parametric down conversion of a strongly attenuated laser beam in a non-linear optical crystal, with limited efficiency. Recently, the decay of a biexciton complex confined in a quantum dot (QD) has been suggested as an efficient source for polarization entangled photon pairs.[2] This concept was based on the assumption of an idealistic QD structure for which the valence band ground state has pure heavy hole character with angular momentum projections J h,z = ±3/2 along the heterostructure growth direction. When an electron-hole pair is injected, the momenta of the carriers become coupled by the exchange interaction. If the dot has perfect D 2d -symmetry, angular momentum is a good quantum number: the optically active states with momenta M = ±1 are degenerate, and their decay leads to emission of σ ± -circularly polarized photons.If the dot ground states are occupied by two electrons and two holes, each with opposite spin orientations, a spin singlet biexciton X 2 is formed, for whose decay two channels exist, as shown in Fig. 1 (upper panel left). The first photon is emitted with either σ + or σ − -polarization, and then the second photon with opposite polarization, as long as no spin flip occurs after the first process. Unless a polarization measurement is performed, the two photon polarization state is therefore described by2, forming an entangled state. A key requirement is that the photons emitted at each stage of the cascade are quasi-degenerate within their homogeneous linewidth, such that they cannot be distinguished by an energy measurement.Experiments have failed up to now to demonstrate such an entanglement, as only classical correlations were observed.[3] While some of the idealizations of the original proposal are well fulfilled, for example, for strongly confined self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots (such as the long exciton spin relaxation time as com- pared to the radiative lifetime [4], or the almost pure heavy-hole character of the valence band ground state [6]), a fundamental problem arises from the broken D 2d symmetry, which is reduced to at least C 2v or even lower symmetry in realistic dot structures. [7,8,...

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“…The three dimensional photonic bandgap structure has been proposed to increase the spontaneous emission coupling efficiency, β , close to one [18]. Using lithographic processing or lateral oxidation techniques, three-dimensional post microcavities have shown enhanced spontaneous emission efficiency and could be used to achieve the same goal [19][20][21]. If β is made close to one, semiconductor devices such as a thresholdless laser [16,17], sub-Poissonian light emitting diode [22] and single-photon turnstile device [8] could be realized.…”

Section: Featurementioning

confidence: 98%

Microcavity modified spontaneous emission of single quantum dots

Solomon

Pelton

Yamamoto

2007

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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We summarize our earlier research showing how the radiative properties of an individual InAs quantum dot exciton state can be altered by their spatial and spectral position with respect to a discrete semiconductor microcavity mode. The InAs quantum dot is formed epitaxially in GaAs, and the microcavity is processed from a one-wavelength distributed Bragg reflector planar microcavity of GaAs and AlAs to form a sub-micrometer diameter pillar. Two states are tuned through a discrete cavity mode through sample temperature changes and show a spontaneous emission enhancement of 4.

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Enhancement of spontaneous emission rates by three-dimensional photon confinement in Bragg microcavities

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Three-dimensionally confined modes in micropost microcavities: quality factors and Purcell factors

Three-dimensionally confined modes in micropost microcavities: quality factors and Purcell factors

Tailored quantum dots for entangled photon pair creation

Microcavity modified spontaneous emission of single quantum dots

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