Enhancement of second-harmonic generation in nonlinear nanolaminate metamaterials by nanophotonic resonances

Abstract

Nanolaminate metamaterials recently attracted a lot of attention as a novel second-order nonlinear material that can be used in integrated photonic circuits. Here, we explore theoretically and numerically the opportunity to enhance the nonlinear response from such nanolaminates by exploiting Fano resonances supported in grating-coupled waveguides. The enhancement factor of the radiated second harmonic signal compared to a flat nanolaminate can reach values as large as 35 for gold gratings and even 7000 for MgF 2 gratings. For the MgF 2 grating, extremely high-Q Fano resonances are excited in such all-dielectric system that result in strong local fields in the nonlinear waveguide layer to boost the nonlinear conversion. A significant portion of the nonlinear signal is also strongly coupled to a dark waveguide mode, which remains guided in the nanolaminate. The strong excitation of a dark mode at the second harmonic frequency provides a viable method for utilizing second-order nonlinearities for light generation and manipulation in integrated photonic circuits. Osellame, B. Hecht, L. Duò, F. Ciccacci, and M. Finazzi, "Mode matching in multiresonant plasmonic nanoantennas for enhanced second harmonic generation," Nat. Nanotechnol. 10(5), 412-417 (2015). 9. J. Butet, P.-F. Brevet, and O. J. F. Martin, "Optical second harmonic generation in plasmonic nanostructures:From fundamental principles to advanced applications," ACS Nano 9(11), 10545-10562 (2015). 10. J. Lee, M. Tymchenko, C. Argyropoulos, P.-Y. Chen, F. Lu, F. Demmerle, G. Boehm, M.-C. Amann, A. Alù, and M. A. Belkin, "Giant nonlinear response from plasmonic metasurfaces coupled to intersubband transitions," Nature 511(7507), 65-69 (2014

Fundamentals and Applications of Metasurfaces

“…We have reviewed a few of the representative demonstrations of metasurface‐based devices such as wave plates, polarimetries, metalenses, metaholograms, and optical vortex converters, and these examples are listed in Table 3 - 6 . There are still many other aspects or applications not included here, such as nonlinear metasurfaces, hyperbolic metasurfaces, thin‐film metasurfaces, parity–time symmetry metasurfaces, etc. Thanks to the advances in nanofabrication technologies, these low‐cost, large‐area, and mass‐productive techniques have sped up the development of static metadevices and are gradually becoming mature.…”

“…There are still many other aspects or applications not included here, such as nonlinear metasurfaces, [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141] hyperbolic metasurfaces, [142][143][144][145][146][147][148] thin-film metasurfaces, [149][150][151][152][153][154][155] parity-time symmetry metasurfaces, [156][157][158][159] etc. Thanks to the advances in nanofabrication technologies, these low-cost, large-area, and mass-productive techniques have sped up the development of static metadevices and are gradually becoming mature.…”

Subwavelength Optical Engineering with Metasurface Waves

“…From the history of subwavelength optics and electromagnetics, it is seen that new functionalities and applications are rooted in the revolution of basic theories and triggered by accidental discoveries. Certainly, as research into complex subwavelength structures progresses, new phenomena and theories involving quantum, nonlinear, chiral response, and multidisciplinary effects are anticipated, which could open a door for the further development of EO 2.0.…”

Second Harmonic Generation Enhancement From Plasmonic Toroidal Resonance in Core-Shell Nanodisk

“…Therefore, one of the goals for practical application of SHG from plasmonic nanostructures is to make full use of near-field enhancement of light, achieving high efficiency of SHG. In this regard, various methods have been designed to concentrate light in a small size and obtain efficiently conversion of fundamental incidence into emissions with double-frequency [4][5][6][7][8][9]. For this purpose, a direct approach to enhance SHG is exploiting electric and magnetic multipoles, which could significantly increase localized surface plasmon resonances and near-field intensity [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”