Enhancement of salivary esophagoprotection: Rationale for a physiological approach to gastroesophageal reflux disease

Sarosiek, Jerzy; Scheurich, CJ; Marcinkiewicz, M.; McCallum, R.W.

doi:10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8608875

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…9 Salivary bicarbonate secretion is also known to be important in the maintenance of esophageal pH homeostasis. 10,11 Additionally, Parkkila et al 12 showed that salivary CAVI is present in the gastric mucus, in which it can contribute to maintain the pH gradient on the surface epithelial cells, thus protecting from gastric ulcers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of polymorphisms in the carbonic anhydrase 6 gene with salivary buffer capacity, dental plaque pH, and caries index in children aged 7–9 years

et al. 2009

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Carbonic anhydrase VI is a secreted enzyme that catalyzes the hydration of carbon hydroxide in saliva and other body fluids. This enzyme has been implicated in taste and gastrointestinal dysfunctions, tooth erosion, and caries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the allele and genotype distribution of three polymorphisms in the coding sequences of (CA6) gene and check for possible associations with salivary buffer capacity, number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in deciduous and permanent teeth (dmft/ DMFT, Decayed/Missing/Filled Teeth), plaque index (PI), and the plaque pH variation (DpH) in children aged 7-9 years. Two hundred and forty-five children from both genders, residents in area with fluoridated water (Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil) were divided into two groups: caries free and with caries. The clinical examinations were conducted by a single previously calibrated examiner (k ¼ 0.91) in an outdoor setting using a mirror and a probe, according to WHO criteria index (dmft/DMFT). Approximately 2 h after the first daily meal, the buffer capacity (BC) and the plaque pH were analyzed by means of a pH meter and an ion selective electrode. Plaque pH was measured immediately and 5 min after a mouth rinse with a 10% sucrose solution. The data were submitted to w 2 , Student's, and Mann-Whitney tests (a ¼ 0.05). The PI and DpH of the upper and lower teeth were significantly higher in the carious group than control (Po0.05). There was no difference between the groups in relation to BC. There was no association between the alleles and genotypes distributions for polymorphisms in the CA6 gene exons 2 and 3 and caries experience (P40.05). There was a positive association between buffer capacity and the rs2274327 (C/T) polymorphism. The allele T and genotype TT were significantly less frequent in individuals with the highest buffer capacity (P ¼ 0.023 and 0.045, respectively). This finding encourages future studies relating CA6 gene polymorphisms and their association with malfunctions, such as taste and gastrointestinal alterations, or the differential effect of chemical modulators on the protein products originated from the distinct genotypes of the CA6 gene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of polymorphisms in the carbonic anhydrase 6 gene with salivary buffer capacity, dental plaque pH, and caries index in children aged 7–9 years

et al. 2009

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“…It is interesting to notice how a large number of laryngopharyngeal reflux patients, even those with the most dramatic larynx findings, do not have esophagitis or other signs of GERD in their digestive tract 8,25,29 . Of course, the gastric and esophageal mucosas protection mechanisms play a decisive role in the capacity these organs have to withstand daily mechanical and chemical aggressions, and many of these mechanisms are saliva mediated [31][32][45][46][47][48] . Saliva has many organic and inorganic substances that contribute to the protection against physical and chemical aggression and also to maintain mucosal integrity, not only of the oral cavity, but also of the digestive tract 43,45,46,[48][49][50][51][52] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudo comparativo do pH e do volume salivar em indivíduos com laringofaringite crônica por doença do refluxo gastroesofágica antes e após o tratamento

Eckley

Costa²

2006

Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.

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INTRODUÇÃO: A Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico (DRGE) é a doença digestiva mais prevalente da atualidade e, recentemente, tem sido implicada em uma gama de alterações do seguimento laringofaríngeo (RLF). No entanto, pouco se sabe dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos destas manifestações supraesofágicas da DRGE. Os achados clínicos contraditórios e recentes pesquisas sugerem haver deficiências na capacidade de defesa deste seguimento. Uma das principais responsáveis pela homeostase da mucosa oral e do trato digestivo é a saliva com seu conteúdo orgânico e inorgânico. Tanto alterações do pH quanto do volume salivar já foram correlacionados com os sintomas e sinais sugestivos da DRGE e RLF. Estudo recente de nossa autoria demonstra diminuição estatisticamente significante do pH salivar de indivíduos com RLF quando comparado a controles sem a doença. Outro estudo constatou correlação entre a redução do volume X pH da saliva em indivíduos com DRGE, estando esta redução diretamente relacionada aos níveis de pH esofágico constatados durante pH-metria esofágica de 24 horas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar como se comportam o pH e volume da saliva em um mesmo indivíduo com DRGE e RLF antes e após o tratamento clínico. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Vinte e três pacientes com RLF tiveram o pH e volume da saliva total testados antes e após receberem tratamento com droga bloqueadora de bomba de prótons durante 12 semanas. RESULTADOS: Houve uma diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,001) entre o pH da saliva antes e após o tratamento, estando este maior após o controle clínico da doença. O volume de saliva no paciente tratado foi significativamente maior do que no paciente pré-tratamento (p=0.009). DISCUSSÃO: Os achados sugerem que o pH salivar é influenciado pela presença de refluxo gastroduodenal à região laringofaríngea. Caso estudos futuros com populações maiores realmente comprovem esta correlação, poderemos cogitar a possibilidade de usar a mensuração do pH salivar, que é feita de forma rápida e não invasiva, como um meio de diagnosticar e avaliar o comportamento e controle do Refluxo Laringofaríngeo.

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“…A number of salivary proteins are known to bind to the epithelial surfaces of the oral cavity, including salivary mucins, amylase, salivary cystatins and acidic proline-rich proteins (Bradway et al 1989(Bradway et al , 1992 provides a lubricatory film and an effective barrier against desiccation and environmental factors, and it is also thought to protect the epithelial cells from proteases emanating from bacteria attached to the mucosal surfaces and from degenerating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (Mandel, 1987;Vaahtoniemi et al 1992). Salivary bicarbonate secretion is known to be of vital importance for the maintenance of oesophageal pH homeostasis (Helm et al 1982(Helm et al , 1984Sarosiek & McCallum, 1995;Sarosiek et al 1996), and recent observations have suggested that CA VI may also be involved in this process (Parkkila et al 1997). CA VI has also been detected in the gastric mucus where it may contribute to the maintenance of the pH gradient on the surface epithelial cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

Salivary carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme VI

Kivelä

Parkkila

et al. 1999

The Journal of Physiology

106

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Enhancement of salivary esophagoprotection: Rationale for a physiological approach to gastroesophageal reflux disease

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Association of polymorphisms in the carbonic anhydrase 6 gene with salivary buffer capacity, dental plaque pH, and caries index in children aged 7–9 years

Association of polymorphisms in the carbonic anhydrase 6 gene with salivary buffer capacity, dental plaque pH, and caries index in children aged 7–9 years

Estudo comparativo do pH e do volume salivar em indivíduos com laringofaringite crônica por doença do refluxo gastroesofágica antes e após o tratamento

Salivary carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme VI

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