Enhancement of Percutaneous Absorption by Laurocapram

Percutaneous Penetration Modifiers and Formulation Effects: Thermal and Spectral Analyses

“…All these observations suggest enhancement by laurocapram via both lipid disruption in addition to protein and lipid extraction. This finding is corroborated by results reported by Ogiso et al (24).…”

Black Foam Films from Aqueous Solutions of a Mixture of Phospholipids and a Permeation Enhancer

“…This agrees with the observations made for 4-decyl oxazolidin-2-one formulations (7) into hydrophilic creams to enhance the targeted delivery of active ingredients (dihydroxyacetone, retinoic acid, etc.). It is currently accepted (6,9,35) that changing locally the water content of the lipid-rich matrix of the skin disrupts some local lipids organization and composition and promotes a deeper penetration through the stratum corneum pathway. In our system, the phospholipids film simulates a kind of barrier that penetration enhancer molecules can be confronted with.…”

“…To understand the role of these molecules in the black film, two ways can be explored ( Fig. 9): either the oxazolidinone molecules are homogeneously distributed in the monolayers, resulting in their fluidization (9), or the 4DO2O molecules are regrouped by small islets in the monolayers, inducing some network peculiar structure.…”

“…Their structural properties include many of the features of other permeation enhancers, e.g., a polar head and an aliphatic tail: in solution, they behave like a nonionic surfactant (7). Many studies report experimental investigation (8)(9)(10) aimed at elucidating the enhancing permeation properties and the penetrating mechanism of various permeation enhancer molecules on skin (animal or human).…”

Analysis of Electron Spin Resonance Spectra of Alkyl Spin Labels in Excised Guinea Pig Dorsal Skin, Its Stratum Corneum, Delipidized Skin and Stratum Corneum Model Lipid Liposomes.

“…1,2) It has also been applied to the skin study to examine the physico-chemical properties of stratum corneum and their changes by addition of different kinds of absorption enhancers. [3][4][5] Although a lot of spin labels have been used for these purposes, [3][4][5][6] localization of the spin labels in the skin as well as in the biological membranes is unclear. The ESR spectrum of each spin label gives information about the motional character of the spin label in the particular environment in which it is mainly present.…”