Enhancement of oxygen reduction activity with addition of carbon support for non-precious metal nitrogen doped carbon catalyst

High content of pyridinic- and pyrrolic-nitrogen-modified carbon nanotubes derived from blood biomass for the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline medium

“…The superior ORR performance of N-CNT(800) is attributed to three aspects: (i) the introduction of CNTs develops more exposed catalytically active sites [42] and provides a larger surface-area support for more active catalytic sites by preventing agglomeration during pyrolysis; (ii) the addition of CNTs contributes to formation of active structures with other N-rich species derived from the decomposition of BP350; (iii) a large amount of the planar N species are produced in the N-CNT(800) catalyst.…”

Cobalt and Iron Complexes with N-heterocyclic Ligands as Pyrolysis Precursors for Oxygen Reduction Catalysts

“…There is a lot of controversy about which type of N-atoms correspond to the active site. Many authors propose that pyridinic-N atoms, which lay at the borders of the graphite layers, forming "zig-zag" structures at the edges, are the active sites [26]. Others, in contrast, propose pyrrolic-N or alternatively graphitic-N (quaternary-N) atoms as the active sites [27].…”

Highly efficient cathode catalyst layer based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for the alkaline direct methanol fuel cell

“…graphene [10,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], carbon nanotubes [11,20,21,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43], carbon nanofibers [12,[44][45][46][47], mesoporous carbon [15,22], graphitic carbon [48,49], carbon spheres [19,[50][51][52][53], carbon nanocages 4 [54], flower-like carbon [55], carbon aerogel [56,57], vesicular carbon [58], nanodiamonds [59]) relatively few have been tested in actual fuel cell conditions [58,[60][61][62]…”

“…Mo et al [58] synthesized N-doped metal-free vesicular carbon with a Fe catalyst and showed maximum power density of 200 mW cm -2 , while commercial Pt-catalyst produced 550 mW cm -2 in the same conditions. Onodera et al [62] synthesized N-doped carbon on KetjenBlack support, which showed moderate performance in a PEMFC. Oh et al [63] modified carbon black, carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers with nitrogen and showed that the nanofibers performed best in a H 2 /O 2 fuel cell due to their high nitrogen content and edge plane exposure.…”