Enhancement of Magneto-Induced Modulus by the Combination of Filler and Plasticizer Additives-Based Magnetorheological Elastomer

Khairi, Muntaz Hana Ahmad; Noor, Ervina Efzan Mhd; Ubaidillah, Ubaidillah; Aziz, Siti Aishah Abdul; Mazlan, Saiful Amri; Tarmizi, Siti Maisarah Ahmad; Nordin, Nur Azmah

doi:10.3390/ma15186396

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The MR effect is achieved through the induced interaction of magnetic particles within the non-magnetic medium, thereby modifying the overall system's stiffness. [1]. MRE samples represent multifunctional materials endowed with diverse capabilities, including the dynamic adjustment of stiffness, natural frequency, and damping capacity in reaction to an external magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Properties of Isotropic and Anisotropic Magnetorheological Elastomer With and Without Magnetic Field Application

Ahmad Khairi,

Garik,

Mazlan

et al. 2024

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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In this study, two variations of magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) tensile specimens were fabricated, differing in their isotropic and anisotropic configurations. The isotropic MRE exhibited randomly dispersed carbonyl iron particle (CIP), whereas the anisotropic featured longitudinally aligned CIP particles along the gauge length of the tensile sample. The formation of the anisotropic MRE involved utilizing an electromagnetic curing chamber, which facilitated the alignment of CIP particles during the elastomer curing process. A mold was specifically designed to produce samples conforming to the dimensions outlined in ASTMD412-F. Subsequently, a Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) analysis was conducted to examine the magnetic flux within the curing device for the anisotropic MRE. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on both MRE types, both in the absence and presence of a 30 mT magnetic field applied transversely to the direction of CIP alignment. Results indicated that without a magnetic field, the anisotropic sample exhibited a slightly higher tensile strength, lower elongation, and higher modulus at 100% strain. However, when a magnetic field was introduced, the isotropic sample demonstrated a more pronounced increase in tensile strength, showing an 18.4% improvement compared to the 5.6% increase observed in the anisotropic sample. Similar trends were observed in the reduction of elongation, with a 14% decrease for isotropic and a 7% decrease for anisotropic samples. Additionally, the data on modulus at a 100% strain revealed a 22.3% increase in stiffness for the isotropic sample, while the anisotropic sample showed a 10.6% increase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Properties of Isotropic and Anisotropic Magnetorheological Elastomer With and Without Magnetic Field Application

Ahmad Khairi,

Garik,

Mazlan

et al. 2024

Int. J. Automot. Mech. Eng.

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“…By adjusting the strength and direction of the magnetic field, the stiffness and damping characteristics of the MRE can be precisely controlled. This enables fine-tuning of the actuator's response, allowing for precise and adaptable movements in robotic systems [19,20]. Such actuators are suitable for applications that require high force output: for example, in robotic grippers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Prediction for Integrated DEAP and MRE Soft Actuators

Bernat,

Kołota,

Gajewski

et al. 2024

Energies

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Soft robotics is a hot scientific topic in areas such as medicine and medical care, implantology, haptic technologies, and the design of various flexible structures. Integrated actuators (DEAP and MRE) are characterized by special functionality and a wider range of operations than when used individually. Such actuators can later be controlled with high voltages ranging from several to a dozen or so kV. Unfortunately, the production process of integrated actuators is multi-stage and therefore more complicated. Thus, at the stage of prototyping, microscopic errors often occur that cannot be detected using simple measurement methods. The result of such errors is actuator damage at the testing stage or in subsequent application. Unfortunately, due to high voltages, actuator damage usually leads to it catching fire, which is potentially dangerous. This work presents an approach that enables the prediction of actuator damage at the testing stage. The results of modeling damaged actuators, a modified safe testing method, and a complete supervising system for testing the actuator with protection are shown. The work is also enriched with a set of data from the analyzed damage to DEAP and MRE actuators, which may prove useful in other research on the actuators of soft robotics.

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“…Hence, several configurations have been tested by adjusting the various parameters (i.e., matrix material, additives, size, percentage content, type, and the shape of the fillers to produce a more effective MRE based on the MR effect [1,3,4,5,11,12,13,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing adjustable stiffness for smart material of magnetorheological elastomer to diminish vibration

Priyandoko,

Suwandono,

Sasongko

et al. 2023

Sinergi

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Many vibration isolators, such as passive vehicle mounting devices, have an inflexible stiffness. This article presents the development of a smart material vibration isolator based on magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), which has adjustable stiffness to minimize unwanted vibrations. The objective of this research is to first create a design for the vibration isolator, and then simulate a magnetic circuit. The Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) software was employed to simulate the effectiveness of the electromagnetic circuit in generating a magnetic field through the vibration isolator by employing MRE samples. Pure iron was chosen as the material for the housing of the vibration isolator test rig. To attain an optimal magnetic field, an inventive design of the magnetic circuit, including examination of the wire type, size, and coil turn number, along with the housing material of the test rig, was performed. The study analyzed the performance of the MRE vibration isolator concerning different current inputs in the coil. The results indicate that the stiffness value of the MRE-based isolator system can be more effectively modified by increasing the current inputs. Therefore, a larger current input leads to a greater change in stiffness.

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Enhancement of Magneto-Induced Modulus by the Combination of Filler and Plasticizer Additives-Based Magnetorheological Elastomer

Cited by 6 publications

References 44 publications

Tensile Properties of Isotropic and Anisotropic Magnetorheological Elastomer With and Without Magnetic Field Application

Tensile Properties of Isotropic and Anisotropic Magnetorheological Elastomer With and Without Magnetic Field Application

Damage Prediction for Integrated DEAP and MRE Soft Actuators

Developing adjustable stiffness for smart material of magnetorheological elastomer to diminish vibration

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