Enhancement of High Strength Concrete Performance By Utilising Nano Waste Paper Sludge Ash

Abstract

High strength concrete (HSC) is an amazing breakthrough in the history of construction material. Due to its high strength, durability, and economic value, it has been used in large-scale construction with a unique structure design not achievable by conventional concrete. However, HSC uses a high amount of cement powder which contributes to its overall strength. However, it will require high cement consumption and increases carbon dioxide emission. Waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) is utilised in cement and has improved concrete properties. Nano engineered WPSA might further enhance HSC capabilities. This research focused on the physical and fresh properties of HSC with partial replacement of nano-engineered WPSA to cement through experimental investigation. The HSC produced in this research has a targeted strength of more than 40MPa with a fixed water-cement ratio of 0.2. The WPSA was oven-dried and was sieved to a particle size of 212 micrometers. Then, it was milled until a nano-size particle is obtained. The nano WPSA is used to replace cement in the HSC mix with a replacement percentage of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%. The new properties of the concrete were measured by conducting the flow table test, and the physical property was determined by conducting the compressive test. Compressive tests were conducted for 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days with a cube sample size of 50mm x 50mm x 50mm. This research shows that 1% of nano WPSA replacement tends to improve the compressive strength of the HSC concrete by 10.7% compared to the control sample. On the other hand, the 1% replacement of nano WPSA in HSC did not affect the concrete's workability compared to the control sample. The conventional HSC properties were improved with less usage of cement with the use of WPSA.

Microstructure of Dry Mortars without Cement: Specific Surface Area, Pore Size and Volume Distribution Analysis

“…Further research on binding power and durability is recommended for this type of activated dry mortars including the grinding of WSA, i.e., the effect of particles size, the ratios of water to solids, of SiO 2 /Na 2 O [43].…”

The examination study to investigate the effects of using a reduced amount of cement with WPSA

“…Each year in India, farming and factories produce over 300 million tons of waste. [6]. Employing these materials can give rise to challenges in discarding them, endanger your physical condition, and diminish the attractiveness of items.…”

Reviewing the potential of waste paper incorporation in enhancing concrete sustainability

“…In addition, it is worth noting that WPC can be seen as a viable and efficient alternative to conventional waste disposal methods such as landfills and incinerators. Moreover, it is also important to highlight that WPC is a cost-effective solution [10,11]. WP is composed of fibrous material that has a role in the overall volume of the mixture, resulting in the creation of lightweight concrete.…”